Birdshot chorioretinopathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Birdshot chorioretinopathy | |||
| image = [[File:Introductieslide.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Fundus photograph showing characteristic lesions of birdshot chorioretinopathy | |||
| synonyms = Birdshot retinochoroidopathy, Birdshot uveitis | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Floaters]], [[blurred vision]], [[night blindness]], [[loss of color vision]] | |||
| complications = [[Cystoid macular edema]], [[cataracts]], [[glaucoma]] | |||
| onset = Typically between ages 40 and 60 | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = Unknown, possibly [[autoimmune disease]] | |||
| risks = Association with [[HLA-A29]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[fluorescein angiography]], [[indocyanine green angiography]], [[optical coherence tomography]] | |||
| differential = [[Sarcoidosis]], [[Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease]], [[multiple evanescent white dot syndrome]] | |||
| prevention = None | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[immunosuppressive drugs]] | |||
| medication = [[Prednisone]], [[mycophenolate mofetil]], [[cyclosporine]], [[infliximab]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, can lead to significant vision loss | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Birdshot chorioretinopathy''' is a rare form of [[inflammatory disease]] that affects the [[eye]], specifically the [[retina]] and [[choroid]]. It is characterized by multiple cream or yellowish-white lesions scattered in a "birdshot" pattern. The disease is typically bilateral, affecting both eyes, and is more common in middle-aged individuals, particularly those of Caucasian descent. | '''Birdshot chorioretinopathy''' is a rare form of [[inflammatory disease]] that affects the [[eye]], specifically the [[retina]] and [[choroid]]. It is characterized by multiple cream or yellowish-white lesions scattered in a "birdshot" pattern. The disease is typically bilateral, affecting both eyes, and is more common in middle-aged individuals, particularly those of Caucasian descent. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of birdshot chorioretinopathy is unknown, but it is believed to be an [[autoimmune disease]]. Some studies have suggested a strong association with the [[human leukocyte antigen]] (HLA)-A29, a specific genetic marker. However, not all individuals with this marker develop the disease, indicating that other genetic or environmental factors may also play a role. | The exact cause of birdshot chorioretinopathy is unknown, but it is believed to be an [[autoimmune disease]]. Some studies have suggested a strong association with the [[human leukocyte antigen]] (HLA)-A29, a specific genetic marker. However, not all individuals with this marker develop the disease, indicating that other genetic or environmental factors may also play a role. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include [[blurred vision]], [[floaters]], [[night blindness]], and loss of [[color vision]]. In some cases, the disease may also cause [[pain]] or [[redness]] in the eye. However, many individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy do not experience any symptoms in the early stages of the disease. | Symptoms of birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include [[blurred vision]], [[floaters]], [[night blindness]], and loss of [[color vision]]. In some cases, the disease may also cause [[pain]] or [[redness]] in the eye. However, many individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy do not experience any symptoms in the early stages of the disease. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of birdshot chorioretinopathy is typically based on a combination of clinical findings and imaging studies. The characteristic "birdshot" pattern of lesions can often be seen on [[fundus photography]] or [[fluorescein angiography]]. In some cases, [[optical coherence tomography]] (OCT) may also be used to assess the extent of retinal damage. | Diagnosis of birdshot chorioretinopathy is typically based on a combination of clinical findings and imaging studies. The characteristic "birdshot" pattern of lesions can often be seen on [[fundus photography]] or [[fluorescein angiography]]. In some cases, [[optical coherence tomography]] (OCT) may also be used to assess the extent of retinal damage. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
There is currently no cure for birdshot chorioretinopathy, and treatment is primarily aimed at managing symptoms and preventing further vision loss. This may involve the use of [[corticosteroids]] or other [[immunosuppressive drugs]]. Regular follow-up with an [[ophthalmologist]] is also important to monitor for potential complications, such as [[cataract]] or [[glaucoma]]. | There is currently no cure for birdshot chorioretinopathy, and treatment is primarily aimed at managing symptoms and preventing further vision loss. This may involve the use of [[corticosteroids]] or other [[immunosuppressive drugs]]. Regular follow-up with an [[ophthalmologist]] is also important to monitor for potential complications, such as [[cataract]] or [[glaucoma]]. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely. Some individuals may experience only mild vision loss, while others may progress to severe vision loss or [[blindness]]. Early detection and treatment can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life. | The prognosis for individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely. Some individuals may experience only mild vision loss, while others may progress to severe vision loss or [[blindness]]. Early detection and treatment can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life. | ||
[[Category:Eye diseases]] | [[Category:Eye diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
{{Eye-disease-stub}} | {{Eye-disease-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:39, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Birdshot chorioretinopathy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Birdshot retinochoroidopathy, Birdshot uveitis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Floaters, blurred vision, night blindness, loss of color vision |
| Complications | Cystoid macular edema, cataracts, glaucoma |
| Onset | Typically between ages 40 and 60 |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly autoimmune disease |
| Risks | Association with HLA-A29 |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography |
| Differential diagnosis | Sarcoidosis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs |
| Medication | Prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, infliximab |
| Prognosis | Variable, can lead to significant vision loss |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a rare form of inflammatory disease that affects the eye, specifically the retina and choroid. It is characterized by multiple cream or yellowish-white lesions scattered in a "birdshot" pattern. The disease is typically bilateral, affecting both eyes, and is more common in middle-aged individuals, particularly those of Caucasian descent.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of birdshot chorioretinopathy is unknown, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disease. Some studies have suggested a strong association with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A29, a specific genetic marker. However, not all individuals with this marker develop the disease, indicating that other genetic or environmental factors may also play a role.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include blurred vision, floaters, night blindness, and loss of color vision. In some cases, the disease may also cause pain or redness in the eye. However, many individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy do not experience any symptoms in the early stages of the disease.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of birdshot chorioretinopathy is typically based on a combination of clinical findings and imaging studies. The characteristic "birdshot" pattern of lesions can often be seen on fundus photography or fluorescein angiography. In some cases, optical coherence tomography (OCT) may also be used to assess the extent of retinal damage.
Treatment[edit]
There is currently no cure for birdshot chorioretinopathy, and treatment is primarily aimed at managing symptoms and preventing further vision loss. This may involve the use of corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is also important to monitor for potential complications, such as cataract or glaucoma.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with birdshot chorioretinopathy can vary widely. Some individuals may experience only mild vision loss, while others may progress to severe vision loss or blindness. Early detection and treatment can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life.
