Body dysmorphic disorder: Difference between revisions
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[[file:Is_this_me_mental_disorder_of_looking.jpg|thumb | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Body dysmorphic disorder | |||
| image = [[File:Is_this_me_mental_disorder_of_looking.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A depiction of body dysmorphic disorder | |||
| field = [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| symptoms = Preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance | |||
| onset = Typically during [[adolescence]] | |||
| duration = Long-term | |||
| causes = Unknown, but likely a combination of [[genetic]], [[neurobiological]], and [[environmental]] factors | |||
| risks = [[Family history]], [[personality traits]], [[societal pressure]] | |||
| diagnosis = Based on [[clinical assessment]] | |||
| differential = [[Obsessive-compulsive disorder]], [[eating disorders]], [[social anxiety disorder]] | |||
| treatment = [[Cognitive behavioral therapy]], [[medication]] such as [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable; can be chronic if untreated | |||
| frequency = Affects about 2% of the population | |||
}} | |||
[[file:Is_this_me_mental_disorder_of_looking.jpg|left|thumb]] '''Body dysmorphic disorder''' ('''BDD''') is a mental health condition characterized by an obsessive focus on a perceived flaw or defect in physical appearance. This flaw is often minor or not observable to others. Individuals with BDD may engage in repetitive behaviors, such as mirror checking, excessive grooming, or seeking reassurance, which can significantly impair their daily functioning and quality of life. | |||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
People with body dysmorphic disorder typically exhibit the following symptoms: | People with body dysmorphic disorder typically exhibit the following symptoms: | ||
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* Significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. | * Significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. | ||
* Avoidance of social situations due to appearance concerns. | * Avoidance of social situations due to appearance concerns. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of body dysmorphic disorder is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Some potential contributing factors include: | The exact cause of body dysmorphic disorder is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Some potential contributing factors include: | ||
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* [[Brain]] abnormalities: Differences in brain structure or function may play a role. | * [[Brain]] abnormalities: Differences in brain structure or function may play a role. | ||
* [[Environmental factors]]: Experiences such as childhood trauma, bullying, or societal pressure to meet certain beauty standards can contribute to the development of BDD. | * [[Environmental factors]]: Experiences such as childhood trauma, bullying, or societal pressure to meet certain beauty standards can contribute to the development of BDD. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder is typically made by a mental health professional based on the criteria outlined in the [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-5). The assessment may include: | Diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder is typically made by a mental health professional based on the criteria outlined in the [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-5). The assessment may include: | ||
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* Questionnaires or self-assessment tools. | * Questionnaires or self-assessment tools. | ||
* Evaluation of the impact of appearance concerns on daily functioning. | * Evaluation of the impact of appearance concerns on daily functioning. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder often involves a combination of [[psychotherapy]] and [[medication]]. Common treatment approaches include: | Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder often involves a combination of [[psychotherapy]] and [[medication]]. Common treatment approaches include: | ||
* [[Cognitive-behavioral therapy]] (CBT): A type of psychotherapy that helps individuals identify and change distorted thoughts and behaviors related to their appearance. | * [[Cognitive-behavioral therapy]] (CBT): A type of psychotherapy that helps individuals identify and change distorted thoughts and behaviors related to their appearance. | ||
* [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs): A class of medications commonly used to treat BDD by addressing underlying [[anxiety]] and [[depression]]. | * [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs): A class of medications commonly used to treat BDD by addressing underlying [[anxiety]] and [[depression]]. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for individuals with body dysmorphic disorder varies. With appropriate treatment, many people experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. However, BDD can be a chronic condition, and ongoing treatment may be necessary to manage symptoms effectively. | The prognosis for individuals with body dysmorphic disorder varies. With appropriate treatment, many people experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. However, BDD can be a chronic condition, and ongoing treatment may be necessary to manage symptoms effectively. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Obsessive-compulsive disorder]] | * [[Obsessive-compulsive disorder]] | ||
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* [[Depression (mood)]] | * [[Depression (mood)]] | ||
* [[Eating disorder]] | * [[Eating disorder]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Commons category|Body dysmorphic disorder}} | {{Commons category|Body dysmorphic disorder}} | ||
[[Category:Anxiety disorders]] | [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Obsessive–compulsive disorder]] | [[Category:Obsessive–compulsive disorder]] | ||
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[[Category:Medical conditions related to obesity]] | [[Category:Medical conditions related to obesity]] | ||
[[Category:Somatic symptom disorders]] | [[Category:Somatic symptom disorders]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:36, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Body dysmorphic disorder | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Typically during adolescence |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown, but likely a combination of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors |
| Risks | Family history, personality traits, societal pressure |
| Diagnosis | Based on clinical assessment |
| Differential diagnosis | Obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, social anxiety disorder |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Cognitive behavioral therapy, medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable; can be chronic if untreated |
| Frequency | Affects about 2% of the population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition characterized by an obsessive focus on a perceived flaw or defect in physical appearance. This flaw is often minor or not observable to others. Individuals with BDD may engage in repetitive behaviors, such as mirror checking, excessive grooming, or seeking reassurance, which can significantly impair their daily functioning and quality of life.
Symptoms[edit]
People with body dysmorphic disorder typically exhibit the following symptoms:
- Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance.
- Repetitive behaviors (e.g., mirror checking, excessive grooming) or mental acts (e.g., comparing appearance with others) in response to appearance concerns.
- Significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
- Avoidance of social situations due to appearance concerns.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of body dysmorphic disorder is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Some potential contributing factors include:
- Genetics: A family history of BDD or other mental health disorders may increase the risk.
- Brain abnormalities: Differences in brain structure or function may play a role.
- Environmental factors: Experiences such as childhood trauma, bullying, or societal pressure to meet certain beauty standards can contribute to the development of BDD.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder is typically made by a mental health professional based on the criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The assessment may include:
- A detailed clinical interview.
- Questionnaires or self-assessment tools.
- Evaluation of the impact of appearance concerns on daily functioning.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder often involves a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Common treatment approaches include:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): A type of psychotherapy that helps individuals identify and change distorted thoughts and behaviors related to their appearance.
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): A class of medications commonly used to treat BDD by addressing underlying anxiety and depression.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with body dysmorphic disorder varies. With appropriate treatment, many people experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. However, BDD can be a chronic condition, and ongoing treatment may be necessary to manage symptoms effectively.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
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