Bezoar: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Bezoar | |||
| image = [[File:Bezoare.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A collection of [[bezoars]] | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], [[gastric outlet obstruction]] | |||
| complications = [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]], [[perforation (medical)|perforation]] | |||
| onset = Variable | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = Ingestion of indigestible material | |||
| risks = [[Gastric surgery]], [[diabetes mellitus]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[trichotillomania]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Endoscopy]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Gastrointestinal obstruction]], [[gastroparesis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of indigestible materials | |||
| treatment = [[Endoscopic removal]], [[surgery]], [[enzymatic therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Bezoar''' | '''Bezoar''' | ||
A '''bezoar''' is a mass found trapped in the [[gastrointestinal tract]], usually in the [[stomach]]. These masses are formed when indigestible matter, such as hair or fiber, accumulates. Bezoars can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, depending on their size and location. | A '''bezoar''' is a mass found trapped in the [[gastrointestinal tract]], usually in the [[stomach]]. These masses are formed when indigestible matter, such as hair or fiber, accumulates. Bezoars can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, depending on their size and location. | ||
==Types of Bezoars== | ==Types of Bezoars== | ||
There are several types of bezoars, each named for the material that forms them: | There are several types of bezoars, each named for the material that forms them: | ||
* '''[[Phytobezoar]]s''' are composed of indigestible plant matter, such as fibers, skins, and seeds. | * '''[[Phytobezoar]]s''' are composed of indigestible plant matter, such as fibers, skins, and seeds. | ||
* '''[[Trichobezoar]]s''' are formed from hair or hair-like fibers, such as carpet or clothing fibers. This type is most commonly seen in individuals with [[trichotillomania]] (compulsive hair-pulling) and [[trichophagia]] (compulsive hair-eating). | * '''[[Trichobezoar]]s''' are formed from hair or hair-like fibers, such as carpet or clothing fibers. This type is most commonly seen in individuals with [[trichotillomania]] (compulsive hair-pulling) and [[trichophagia]] (compulsive hair-eating). | ||
* '''[[Pharmacobezoar]]s''' are a rare type of bezoar formed from medications or drug materials. | * '''[[Pharmacobezoar]]s''' are a rare type of bezoar formed from medications or drug materials. | ||
* '''[[Lactobezoar]]s''' are formed from milk protein and are most commonly seen in premature infants. | * '''[[Lactobezoar]]s''' are formed from milk protein and are most commonly seen in premature infants. | ||
==Symptoms and Complications== | ==Symptoms and Complications== | ||
Symptoms of a bezoar can vary widely, depending on the size and location of the mass. Some individuals may not experience any symptoms, while others may have severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. In severe cases, a bezoar can cause a blockage in the digestive tract, which can be life-threatening. | Symptoms of a bezoar can vary widely, depending on the size and location of the mass. Some individuals may not experience any symptoms, while others may have severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. In severe cases, a bezoar can cause a blockage in the digestive tract, which can be life-threatening. | ||
==Diagnosis and Treatment== | ==Diagnosis and Treatment== | ||
Diagnosis of a bezoar typically involves imaging studies, such as an [[abdominal ultrasound]], [[CT scan]], or [[endoscopy]]. Treatment options include medication to dissolve the bezoar, endoscopic removal, or, in severe cases, surgery. | Diagnosis of a bezoar typically involves imaging studies, such as an [[abdominal ultrasound]], [[CT scan]], or [[endoscopy]]. Treatment options include medication to dissolve the bezoar, endoscopic removal, or, in severe cases, surgery. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Prevention of bezoars involves managing any underlying conditions that may contribute to their formation, such as trichotillomania or trichophagia, and maintaining a healthy diet that includes adequate fiber. | Prevention of bezoars involves managing any underlying conditions that may contribute to their formation, such as trichotillomania or trichophagia, and maintaining a healthy diet that includes adequate fiber. | ||
[[File:Bezoar.jpg|left|thumb|A bezoar removed from a human stomach]] | |||
[[File:Bezoar.jpg|thumb|A bezoar removed from a human stomach]] | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Gastrointestinal tract]] | * [[Gastrointestinal tract]] | ||
* [[Stomach]] | * [[Stomach]] | ||
* [[Trichotillomania]] | * [[Trichotillomania]] | ||
* [[Trichophagia]] | * [[Trichophagia]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:55, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Bezoar | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, gastric outlet obstruction |
| Complications | Gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation |
| Onset | Variable |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Ingestion of indigestible material |
| Risks | Gastric surgery, diabetes mellitus, cystic fibrosis, trichotillomania |
| Diagnosis | Endoscopy, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Gastrointestinal obstruction, gastroparesis |
| Prevention | Avoidance of indigestible materials |
| Treatment | Endoscopic removal, surgery, enzymatic therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Bezoar
A bezoar is a mass found trapped in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the stomach. These masses are formed when indigestible matter, such as hair or fiber, accumulates. Bezoars can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, depending on their size and location.
Types of Bezoars[edit]
There are several types of bezoars, each named for the material that forms them:
- Phytobezoars are composed of indigestible plant matter, such as fibers, skins, and seeds.
- Trichobezoars are formed from hair or hair-like fibers, such as carpet or clothing fibers. This type is most commonly seen in individuals with trichotillomania (compulsive hair-pulling) and trichophagia (compulsive hair-eating).
- Pharmacobezoars are a rare type of bezoar formed from medications or drug materials.
- Lactobezoars are formed from milk protein and are most commonly seen in premature infants.
Symptoms and Complications[edit]
Symptoms of a bezoar can vary widely, depending on the size and location of the mass. Some individuals may not experience any symptoms, while others may have severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. In severe cases, a bezoar can cause a blockage in the digestive tract, which can be life-threatening.
Diagnosis and Treatment[edit]
Diagnosis of a bezoar typically involves imaging studies, such as an abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, or endoscopy. Treatment options include medication to dissolve the bezoar, endoscopic removal, or, in severe cases, surgery.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of bezoars involves managing any underlying conditions that may contribute to their formation, such as trichotillomania or trichophagia, and maintaining a healthy diet that includes adequate fiber.
See Also[edit]
