Purpura fulminans: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Purpura fulminans | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| field = [[Hematology]], [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Purpura]], [[necrosis]], [[disseminated intravascular coagulation]] | |||
| complications = [[Sepsis]], [[organ failure]], [[amputation]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[genetic disorder]], [[anticoagulant protein deficiency]] | |||
| risks = [[Infection]], [[genetic predisposition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical presentation]], [[blood tests]], [[skin biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Meningococcemia]], [[sepsis]], [[thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[anticoagulation therapy]], [[supportive care]] | |||
| medication = [[Heparin]], [[fresh frozen plasma]], [[protein C concentrate]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Purpura Fulminans''' is a severe and rapidly progressive condition characterized by [[blood clot]]s and [[hemorrhage]] into the skin and other organs. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. | '''Purpura Fulminans''' is a severe and rapidly progressive condition characterized by [[blood clot]]s and [[hemorrhage]] into the skin and other organs. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Purpura Fulminans is often caused by severe infections, particularly [[meningococcal sepsis]]. It can also occur as a complication of [[disseminated intravascular coagulation]] (DIC), a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body's small blood vessels. | Purpura Fulminans is often caused by severe infections, particularly [[meningococcal sepsis]]. It can also occur as a complication of [[disseminated intravascular coagulation]] (DIC), a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body's small blood vessels. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The main symptom of Purpura Fulminans is the sudden appearance of numerous areas of [[skin necrosis]] and [[hemorrhage]] (bleeding) into the skin. These areas are initially purplish-red and then become black as the skin and underlying tissues die. Other symptoms can include [[fever]], [[shock]], and [[organ failure]]. | The main symptom of Purpura Fulminans is the sudden appearance of numerous areas of [[skin necrosis]] and [[hemorrhage]] (bleeding) into the skin. These areas are initially purplish-red and then become black as the skin and underlying tissues die. Other symptoms can include [[fever]], [[shock]], and [[organ failure]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
The diagnosis of Purpura Fulminans is based on the clinical presentation and laboratory tests. These tests may include [[blood cultures]] to identify the underlying infection, and tests to evaluate the [[coagulation system]], such as a [[prothrombin time]] (PT) and [[partial thromboplastin time]] (PTT). | The diagnosis of Purpura Fulminans is based on the clinical presentation and laboratory tests. These tests may include [[blood cultures]] to identify the underlying infection, and tests to evaluate the [[coagulation system]], such as a [[prothrombin time]] (PT) and [[partial thromboplastin time]] (PTT). | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment of Purpura Fulminans involves addressing the underlying cause, such as treating the infection with [[antibiotics]]. Supportive care, including [[fluid resuscitation]] and [[vasopressors]], may be needed to maintain blood pressure. In severe cases, [[amputation]] of affected limbs may be necessary. | Treatment of Purpura Fulminans involves addressing the underlying cause, such as treating the infection with [[antibiotics]]. Supportive care, including [[fluid resuscitation]] and [[vasopressors]], may be needed to maintain blood pressure. In severe cases, [[amputation]] of affected limbs may be necessary. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis of Purpura Fulminans is often poor, with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the outcome. | The prognosis of Purpura Fulminans is often poor, with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the outcome. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]] | * [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]] | ||
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* [[Skin necrosis]] | * [[Skin necrosis]] | ||
* [[Hemorrhage]] | * [[Hemorrhage]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:19, 3 April 2025
| Purpura fulminans | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Purpura, necrosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation |
| Complications | Sepsis, organ failure, amputation |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Bacterial infection, genetic disorder, anticoagulant protein deficiency |
| Risks | Infection, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical presentation, blood tests, skin biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Meningococcemia, sepsis, thrombocytopenic purpura |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Antibiotics, anticoagulation therapy, supportive care |
| Medication | Heparin, fresh frozen plasma, protein C concentrate |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Purpura Fulminans is a severe and rapidly progressive condition characterized by blood clots and hemorrhage into the skin and other organs. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.
Causes[edit]
Purpura Fulminans is often caused by severe infections, particularly meningococcal sepsis. It can also occur as a complication of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body's small blood vessels.
Symptoms[edit]
The main symptom of Purpura Fulminans is the sudden appearance of numerous areas of skin necrosis and hemorrhage (bleeding) into the skin. These areas are initially purplish-red and then become black as the skin and underlying tissues die. Other symptoms can include fever, shock, and organ failure.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of Purpura Fulminans is based on the clinical presentation and laboratory tests. These tests may include blood cultures to identify the underlying infection, and tests to evaluate the coagulation system, such as a prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT).
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of Purpura Fulminans involves addressing the underlying cause, such as treating the infection with antibiotics. Supportive care, including fluid resuscitation and vasopressors, may be needed to maintain blood pressure. In severe cases, amputation of affected limbs may be necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis of Purpura Fulminans is often poor, with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the outcome.
