Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma | |||
| synonyms = NMZL | |||
| specialty = [[Hematology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Lymphadenopathy]], [[fatigue]], [[fever]], [[night sweats]], [[weight loss]] | |||
| onset = Typically in adults | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Unknown | |||
| risks = [[Autoimmune disorders]], [[hepatitis C]] infection | |||
| diagnosis = [[Biopsy]], [[immunophenotyping]], [[flow cytometry]] | |||
| differential = [[Follicular lymphoma]], [[chronic lymphocytic leukemia]], [[mantle cell lymphoma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Watchful waiting]], [[chemotherapy]], [[immunotherapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally indolent, but can vary | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma''' ('''NMZL''') is a rare type of [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] that originates from [[B cells]] in the [[marginal zone]] of [[lymph nodes]]. It is characterized by slow growth and typically presents with [[lymphadenopathy]], or swollen lymph nodes. | '''Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma''' ('''NMZL''') is a rare type of [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] that originates from [[B cells]] in the [[marginal zone]] of [[lymph nodes]]. It is characterized by slow growth and typically presents with [[lymphadenopathy]], or swollen lymph nodes. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
NMZL is a rare disease, accounting for less than 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. It is more common in adults, with a median age of diagnosis in the sixth decade of life. There is no known gender predilection. | NMZL is a rare disease, accounting for less than 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. It is more common in adults, with a median age of diagnosis in the sixth decade of life. There is no known gender predilection. | ||
==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
The exact cause of NMZL is unknown. However, it is believed to originate from B cells in the marginal zone of lymph nodes. These cells undergo malignant transformation, leading to the development of lymphoma. Some studies suggest a possible role of chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders in the pathogenesis of NMZL. | The exact cause of NMZL is unknown. However, it is believed to originate from B cells in the marginal zone of lymph nodes. These cells undergo malignant transformation, leading to the development of lymphoma. Some studies suggest a possible role of chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders in the pathogenesis of NMZL. | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Patients with NMZL typically present with painless lymphadenopathy. Other symptoms may include [[fever]], [[night sweats]], and [[weight loss]], collectively known as B symptoms. Some patients may also have [[splenomegaly]], or an enlarged spleen. | Patients with NMZL typically present with painless lymphadenopathy. Other symptoms may include [[fever]], [[night sweats]], and [[weight loss]], collectively known as B symptoms. Some patients may also have [[splenomegaly]], or an enlarged spleen. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of NMZL is based on the histological examination of a lymph node biopsy. The lymphoma cells typically have a monocytoid appearance and are located in the marginal zone of the lymph node. Immunohistochemistry shows that the cells express B cell markers such as [[CD20]] and [[CD79a]]. | The diagnosis of NMZL is based on the histological examination of a lymph node biopsy. The lymphoma cells typically have a monocytoid appearance and are located in the marginal zone of the lymph node. Immunohistochemistry shows that the cells express B cell markers such as [[CD20]] and [[CD79a]]. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of NMZL depends on the stage and symptoms of the disease. For patients with localized disease, [[radiotherapy]] may be used. For those with advanced disease, [[chemotherapy]] with or without [[immunotherapy]] is typically recommended. The most commonly used chemotherapy regimen is [[R-CHOP]], which includes [[rituximab]], [[cyclophosphamide]], [[doxorubicin]], [[vincristine]], and [[prednisone]]. | The treatment of NMZL depends on the stage and symptoms of the disease. For patients with localized disease, [[radiotherapy]] may be used. For those with advanced disease, [[chemotherapy]] with or without [[immunotherapy]] is typically recommended. The most commonly used chemotherapy regimen is [[R-CHOP]], which includes [[rituximab]], [[cyclophosphamide]], [[doxorubicin]], [[vincristine]], and [[prednisone]]. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis of NMZL is generally good, with a 5-year survival rate of over 70%. However, the disease often has a relapsing-remitting course, and long-term follow-up is necessary. | The prognosis of NMZL is generally good, with a 5-year survival rate of over 70%. However, the disease often has a relapsing-remitting course, and long-term follow-up is necessary. | ||
[[Category:Lymphoma]] | [[Category:Lymphoma]] | ||
[[Category:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] | [[Category:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] | ||
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{{Medicine-stub}} | {{Medicine-stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:18, 3 April 2025
| Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | NMZL |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Hematology |
| Symptoms | Lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Typically in adults |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown |
| Risks | Autoimmune disorders, hepatitis C infection |
| Diagnosis | Biopsy, immunophenotyping, flow cytometry |
| Differential diagnosis | Follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Watchful waiting, chemotherapy, immunotherapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally indolent, but can vary |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from B cells in the marginal zone of lymph nodes. It is characterized by slow growth and typically presents with lymphadenopathy, or swollen lymph nodes.
Epidemiology[edit]
NMZL is a rare disease, accounting for less than 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. It is more common in adults, with a median age of diagnosis in the sixth decade of life. There is no known gender predilection.
Pathogenesis[edit]
The exact cause of NMZL is unknown. However, it is believed to originate from B cells in the marginal zone of lymph nodes. These cells undergo malignant transformation, leading to the development of lymphoma. Some studies suggest a possible role of chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders in the pathogenesis of NMZL.
Clinical Features[edit]
Patients with NMZL typically present with painless lymphadenopathy. Other symptoms may include fever, night sweats, and weight loss, collectively known as B symptoms. Some patients may also have splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of NMZL is based on the histological examination of a lymph node biopsy. The lymphoma cells typically have a monocytoid appearance and are located in the marginal zone of the lymph node. Immunohistochemistry shows that the cells express B cell markers such as CD20 and CD79a.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of NMZL depends on the stage and symptoms of the disease. For patients with localized disease, radiotherapy may be used. For those with advanced disease, chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy is typically recommended. The most commonly used chemotherapy regimen is R-CHOP, which includes rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis of NMZL is generally good, with a 5-year survival rate of over 70%. However, the disease often has a relapsing-remitting course, and long-term follow-up is necessary.
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