Neonatal stroke

Neonatal stroke refers to a stroke that happens in newborn babies, typically within the first 28 days of life. This condition is a subtype of pediatric stroke and can occur in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or postnatal period.

Causes

The causes of neonatal stroke are diverse and can include blood clots, infection, trauma, and congenital heart disease. Other risk factors include prematurity, dehydration, and maternal health issues such as diabetes and hypertension.

Symptoms

Symptoms of neonatal stroke can vary widely and may include seizures, apnea, feeding difficulties, and lethargy. In some cases, symptoms may not be apparent until later in life, when the child may exhibit developmental delay or cognitive impairment.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neonatal stroke typically involves medical imaging such as MRI or CT scan, as well as blood tests to identify potential causes.

Treatment

Treatment for neonatal stroke is largely supportive and may include anticonvulsant therapy for seizures, physical therapy for motor deficits, and speech therapy for language delays. In some cases, anticoagulant therapy may be used to prevent further clotting.

Prognosis

The prognosis for neonatal stroke varies widely and depends on the severity of the stroke, the underlying cause, and the child's overall health. Some children may experience long-term neurological deficits, while others may recover with minimal impairment.

See also

• Pediatric stroke
• Perinatal asphyxia
• Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

References

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