Inflammasome

Inflammasome is a multiprotein oligomer responsible for the activation of inflammatory responses. The inflammasome promotes the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.

Structure

The inflammasome complex is composed of a sensor molecule, an adaptor protein ASC, and an effector protein caspase-1. The sensor molecule, which can be a member of the NLR or ALR family, detects pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors.

Function

Inflammasomes respond to a wide range of stimuli, including microbial pathogens, molecules derived from host proteins, and foreign substances. Upon activation, the inflammasome forms a platform for the activation of caspase-1, which subsequently cleaves the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 into their active forms.

Role in Disease

Inflammasomes play a crucial role in the innate immune response, and their dysregulation can lead to a variety of diseases, including autoinflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer.

See Also

• Nod-like receptor
• AIM2-like receptor
• Interleukin 1 beta
• Interleukin 18
• ASC (protein)
• Caspase 1

References

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