Paraldehyde

Paraldehyde is a sedative and hypnotic drug that was first synthesized in the 19th century. It is primarily used in the treatment of insomnia and seizure disorders.

History

Paraldehyde was first synthesized in 1829 by the German chemist Justus von Liebig. It was initially used as a solvent in the manufacture of rubber and plastics, but its medical uses were soon discovered. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was widely used as a sedative and hypnotic, particularly in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens.

Medical Uses

Today, paraldehyde is primarily used in the treatment of severe insomnia and seizure disorders. It is particularly effective in treating status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition in which seizures occur in rapid succession or last for a prolonged period of time. Paraldehyde is also used in the treatment of tetanus, a bacterial infection that causes severe muscle spasms.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, paraldehyde can have side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. In rare cases, it can cause respiratory depression, a serious condition in which breathing becomes dangerously slow or shallow.

Pharmacology

Paraldehyde works by increasing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits the activity of nerve cells in the brain. This has a calming effect, which can help to induce sleep and reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.

See Also

• Sedative
• Hypnotic
• Insomnia
• Seizure

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