Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare condition that affects the blood vessels and muscles in the popliteal fossa, the area behind the knee. It can cause pain, numbness, and even tissue damage due to reduced blood flow.

Causes

PAES is caused by an abnormal positioning of the popliteal artery, the main artery that runs through the popliteal fossa. This can be due to a congenital defect, where the artery is in an abnormal position from birth, or it can be acquired, often as a result of increased muscle mass in the calf.

Symptoms

The symptoms of PAES can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They can include:

• Pain in the calf or foot, often after exercise
• Numbness or tingling in the foot
• Coldness in the foot
• Pale or bluish skin color
• Weak or absent pulse in the foot

Diagnosis

PAES can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms are similar to those of other conditions. However, a number of tests can be used to confirm a diagnosis, including:

• Physical examination
• Ultrasound
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Angiography

Treatment

Treatment for PAES depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, conservative treatments such as rest, physical therapy, and medication may be sufficient. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to reposition the artery and relieve the entrapment.

See also

• Peripheral artery disease
• Popliteal artery
• Popliteal fossa

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  Angiogram of a patient diagnosed with popliteal artery entrapment syndrome