Episcleritis

Episcleritis is a benign, self-limiting inflammatory disease affecting part of the eye called the episclera. The episclera is a thin layer of tissue that lies between the conjunctiva and the connective tissue of the sclera, which provides rigidity to the eye. Episcleritis does not affect vision, but may cause mild discomfort or irritation.

Causes

The exact cause of episcleritis is unknown, but it is thought to be immune-mediated. It can be associated with systemic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel disease. It can also occur in association with rosacea, gout, and Herpes simplex infection.

Symptoms

The main symptom of episcleritis is redness of the eye. There may also be mild discomfort or a gritty feeling in the eye. Unlike scleritis, it does not cause severe pain or photophobia. The condition can affect one eye or both eyes.

Diagnosis

Episcleritis is diagnosed by an ophthalmologist, who will examine the eye using a slit lamp. This allows the doctor to see the inflamed episclera. The doctor may also ask about any associated symptoms, such as joint pain, which could suggest a systemic disease.

Treatment

Treatment for episcleritis is usually not necessary, as the condition often resolves on its own within 1-2 weeks. If symptoms are bothersome, topical anti-inflammatory drops or oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used. In severe cases, topical corticosteroids may be prescribed.

Prognosis

The prognosis for episcleritis is generally good. Most people recover fully without treatment. However, if episcleritis is associated with a systemic disease, managing that condition is important to prevent recurrent episodes.

See also

• Scleritis
• Uveitis
• Conjunctivitis

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