Temafloxacin: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:17, 15 February 2025

An encyclopedia article about the antibiotic temafloxacin

Overview[edit]

Temafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that was developed for the treatment of bacterial infections. It was marketed under the brand name Omniflox. Temafloxacin was primarily used to treat respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections.

Chemical Structure[edit]

Temafloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. The chemical structure of temafloxacin includes a fluorine atom at the C-6 position and a piperazine moiety at the C-7 position, which are characteristic features of fluoroquinolones.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Temafloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes that are essential for bacterial DNA replication and transcription. By interfering with these processes, temafloxacin effectively halts bacterial cell division and leads to cell death.

Clinical Use[edit]

Temafloxacin was indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including:

Withdrawal from Market[edit]

In 1992, temafloxacin was withdrawn from the market due to serious adverse effects, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure. These adverse reactions were severe and led to the decision to discontinue its use.

Adverse Effects[edit]

The adverse effects associated with temafloxacin included:

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Temafloxacin''' is a [[fluoroquinolone]] antibiotic that was introduced in the early 1990s under the brand name Omniflox. It is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with potent activity against a wide range of [[bacteria]], including both [[Gram-positive bacteria|Gram-positive]] and [[Gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]] organisms. Despite its initial promise for the treatment of various bacterial infections, the use of temafloxacin was associated with serious adverse reactions, leading to its withdrawal from the market.
+{{Short description|An encyclopedia article about the antibiotic temafloxacin}}
-==Mechanism of Action==
+== Overview ==
-Temafloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial [[DNA gyrase]] and [[topoisomerase IV]], enzymes critical for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This inhibition results in the disruption of bacterial DNA processes, ultimately leading to cell death. This mechanism is similar to that of other fluoroquinolones, making temafloxacin effective against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens.
+'''Temafloxacin''' is a [[fluoroquinolone]] antibiotic that was developed for the treatment of bacterial infections. It was marketed under the brand name Omniflox. Temafloxacin was primarily used to treat [[respiratory tract infections]], [[urinary tract infections]], and [[skin infections]].
-==Indications==
+== Chemical Structure ==
-Initially, temafloxacin was indicated for the treatment of various infections, including [[urinary tract infection]]s, [[respiratory tract infection]]s, and [[skin infection]]s. It was considered particularly useful for its activity against pathogens resistant to other antibiotics, such as [[methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus]] (MRSA) and [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]].
+[[File:Temafloxacin_structure.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of temafloxacin]]
+Temafloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. The chemical structure of temafloxacin includes a fluorine atom at the C-6 position and a piperazine moiety at the C-7 position, which are characteristic features of fluoroquinolones.
-==Adverse Effects==
+== Mechanism of Action ==
-Shortly after its introduction, temafloxacin was linked to several serious adverse effects, which ultimately led to its market withdrawal. The most concerning were cases of [[hemolytic anemia]], [[acute renal failure]], and [[hypoglycemia]], along with other life-threatening conditions such as [[thrombocytopenia]] and [[hypersensitivity reactions]]. These adverse effects were more severe and occurred more frequently than with other fluoroquinolones, raising significant safety concerns.
+Temafloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial [[DNA gyrase]] and [[topoisomerase IV]], enzymes that are essential for bacterial [[DNA replication]] and [[transcription (genetics)|transcription]]. By interfering with these processes, temafloxacin effectively halts bacterial cell division and leads to cell death.
-==Market Withdrawal==
+== Clinical Use ==
-Due to the severity and frequency of its adverse effects, temafloxacin was withdrawn from the market in 1992, only a few months after its introduction. The withdrawal of temafloxacin was a significant event in the history of antibiotic development, highlighting the importance of post-marketing surveillance and the need for a cautious approach in the use of new antibiotics.
+Temafloxacin was indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including:
+* [[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
+* [[Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis]]
+* [[Urinary tract infections]]
+* [[Skin and soft tissue infections]]
-==Legacy==
+== Withdrawal from Market ==
-The case of temafloxacin has had a lasting impact on the development and regulatory approval of antibiotics. It underscored the importance of comprehensive post-marketing studies to identify rare but serious adverse effects. Additionally, it prompted regulatory agencies to require more stringent safety studies for new antibiotics, particularly those belonging to the fluoroquinolone class.
+In 1992, temafloxacin was withdrawn from the market due to serious adverse effects, including [[hemolytic anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], and [[renal failure]]. These adverse reactions were severe and led to the decision to discontinue its use.
-==See Also==
+== Adverse Effects ==
-* [[Fluoroquinolone toxicity]]
+The adverse effects associated with temafloxacin included:
-* [[Antibiotic resistance]]
+* [[Hemolytic anemia]]
-* [[Drug safety]]
+* [[Thrombocytopenia]]
-* [[Pharmacovigilance]]
+* [[Renal failure]]
+* [[Hepatotoxicity]]
+* [[Allergic reactions]]
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Fluoroquinolone]]
+* [[Antibiotic]]
+* [[Bacterial infection]]
+* [[DNA gyrase]]
-[[Category:Antibiotics]]
 [[Category:Fluoroquinolone antibiotics]]
 [[Category:Withdrawn drugs]]
-{{medicine-stub}}