Lumiracoxib: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:01, 13 February 2025

An encyclopedia article about Lumiracoxib

Overview

Lumiracoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that belongs to the class of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. It is used for the treatment of osteoarthritis and acute pain. Lumiracoxib is known for its selective inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme, which plays a role in the inflammatory process.

Mechanism of Action

Lumiracoxib works by selectively inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme, which is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation, pain, and fever. Unlike traditional NSAIDs, which inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, lumiracoxib's selectivity for COX-2 reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects associated with COX-1 inhibition.

Pharmacokinetics

Lumiracoxib is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 2 hours post-dose. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and is excreted mainly in the urine.

Clinical Use

Lumiracoxib is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with osteoarthritis, such as pain and inflammation. It is also used for the management of acute pain in various conditions. However, its use is limited due to concerns about cardiovascular safety and liver toxicity.

Safety and Side Effects

Common side effects of lumiracoxib include gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, and dizziness. Serious side effects may include cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, as well as liver damage. Due to these risks, lumiracoxib has been withdrawn from the market in several countries.

Regulatory Status

Lumiracoxib was approved for use in several countries but has faced regulatory challenges due to safety concerns. It has been withdrawn from the market in many regions, including the European Union and Australia, due to reports of severe liver injury.

Related pages

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-'''Lumiracoxib''' is a [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) that was marketed by [[Novartis]] until 2007. It was used for the treatment of [[osteoarthritis]], [[acute pain]], and [[dysmenorrhea]]. Lumiracoxib was withdrawn from the market due to concerns about severe liver side effects.
+{{Short description|An encyclopedia article about Lumiracoxib}}
-== History ==
+==Overview==
+'''Lumiracoxib''' is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that belongs to the class of [[cyclooxygenase-2]] (COX-2) inhibitors. It is used for the treatment of [[osteoarthritis]] and acute pain. Lumiracoxib is known for its selective inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme, which plays a role in the inflammatory process.
-Lumiracoxib was developed by [[Novartis]] and approved for use in the treatment of [[osteoarthritis]] in several countries in 2003. However, it was withdrawn from the market in 2007 due to concerns about severe liver side effects. The drug was never approved for use in the United States.
+==Mechanism of Action==
+Lumiracoxib works by selectively inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme, which is responsible for the synthesis of [[prostaglandins]] that mediate inflammation, pain, and fever. Unlike traditional NSAIDs, which inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, lumiracoxib's selectivity for COX-2 reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects associated with COX-1 inhibition.
-== Pharmacology ==
+==Pharmacokinetics==
+Lumiracoxib is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 2 hours post-dose. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and is excreted mainly in the urine.
-Lumiracoxib is a [[COX-2 inhibitor]], which means it works by blocking the enzyme [[cyclooxygenase-2]] (COX-2). This enzyme is involved in the production of [[prostaglandins]], which cause pain and inflammation in the body. By blocking COX-2, lumiracoxib reduces pain and inflammation.
+==Clinical Use==
+Lumiracoxib is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with [[osteoarthritis]], such as pain and inflammation. It is also used for the management of acute pain in various conditions. However, its use is limited due to concerns about cardiovascular safety and liver toxicity.
-== Side effects ==
+==Safety and Side Effects==
+Common side effects of lumiracoxib include gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, and dizziness. Serious side effects may include cardiovascular events such as [[myocardial infarction]] and [[stroke]], as well as liver damage. Due to these risks, lumiracoxib has been withdrawn from the market in several countries.
-The most common side effects of lumiracoxib are [[nausea]], [[dyspepsia]], and [[diarrhea]]. However, the drug has also been associated with severe liver side effects, including [[hepatitis]], [[jaundice]], and [[liver failure]]. These side effects led to the withdrawal of lumiracoxib from the market in several countries.
+==Regulatory Status==
+Lumiracoxib was approved for use in several countries but has faced regulatory challenges due to safety concerns. It has been withdrawn from the market in many regions, including the European Union and Australia, due to reports of severe liver injury.
-== Market withdrawal ==
+==Related pages==
+* [[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]
-In 2007, [[Novartis]] withdrew lumiracoxib from the market due to concerns about severe liver side effects. The decision was made after reports of serious liver problems in patients taking the drug, including several cases of liver failure that resulted in death or liver transplantation.
+* [[Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor]]
+* [[Osteoarthritis]]
-== See also ==
-* [[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]
+[[File:Lumiracoxib.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Lumiracoxib]]
-* [[COX-2 inhibitor]]
-* [[Novartis]]
 [[Category:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]]
-[[Category:Withdrawn drugs]]
+[[Category:Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors]]
-[[Category:COX-2 inhibitors]]
-{{Pharma-stub}}