Pargolol: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|A comprehensive overview of the beta-blocker Pargolol}} | |||
== | ==Introduction== | ||
Pargolol | '''Pargolol''' is a [[beta-blocker]] medication primarily used in the management of [[hypertension]], [[angina pectoris]], and certain types of [[arrhythmias]]. As a member of the beta-adrenergic blocking agents, Pargolol functions by inhibiting the action of [[epinephrine]] and [[norepinephrine]] on beta-adrenergic receptors, which are part of the [[sympathetic nervous system]]. | ||
== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Pargolol | ===Mechanism of Action=== | ||
Pargolol works by blocking the beta-1 adrenergic receptors predominantly found in the [[heart]] and [[kidneys]]. This action results in a decrease in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output, ultimately leading to a reduction in [[blood pressure]]. Additionally, Pargolol reduces the release of [[renin]] from the kidneys, contributing to its antihypertensive effects. | |||
== | ===Pharmacokinetics=== | ||
Pargolol is well absorbed from the [[gastrointestinal tract]] and undergoes significant first-pass metabolism in the [[liver]]. It has a bioavailability of approximately 50%. The drug is metabolized primarily by the [[cytochrome P450]] enzyme system and is excreted in the [[urine]]. The half-life of Pargolol is about 6 to 8 hours, allowing for twice-daily dosing. | |||
== | ==Clinical Uses== | ||
===Hypertension=== | |||
Pargolol is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with [[essential hypertension]]. It is often used as part of a combination therapy with other antihypertensive agents such as [[diuretics]] or [[calcium channel blockers]]. | |||
== | ===Angina Pectoris=== | ||
In patients with [[angina]], Pargolol reduces the frequency and severity of anginal attacks by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand. | |||
== | ===Arrhythmias=== | ||
Pargolol | Pargolol is used in the management of certain types of arrhythmias, including [[supraventricular tachycardia]] and [[atrial fibrillation]]. It helps to control the heart rate and restore normal rhythm. | ||
== | ==Side Effects== | ||
Common side effects of Pargolol include [[fatigue]], [[dizziness]], [[bradycardia]], and [[gastrointestinal disturbances]]. Less common but serious side effects can include [[bronchospasm]], particularly in patients with [[asthma]], and [[heart failure]] in susceptible individuals. | |||
==Contraindications== | |||
Pargolol is contraindicated in patients with [[severe bradycardia]], [[second or third-degree heart block]], and [[uncontrolled heart failure]]. Caution is advised in patients with [[diabetes mellitus]] and [[peripheral vascular disease]]. | |||
==Interactions== | |||
Pargolol may interact with other medications such as [[calcium channel blockers]], [[antiarrhythmic agents]], and [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs). These interactions can potentiate or diminish the effects of Pargolol. | |||
==Related pages== | |||
* [[Beta-blocker]] | |||
* [[Hypertension]] | |||
* [[Angina pectoris]] | |||
* [[Arrhythmia]] | |||
[[File:Pargolol.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Pargolol]] | |||
[[Category:Beta blockers]] | [[Category:Beta blockers]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiovascular drugs]] | [[Category:Cardiovascular drugs]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:34, 13 February 2025
A comprehensive overview of the beta-blocker Pargolol
Introduction[edit]
Pargolol is a beta-blocker medication primarily used in the management of hypertension, angina pectoris, and certain types of arrhythmias. As a member of the beta-adrenergic blocking agents, Pargolol functions by inhibiting the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine on beta-adrenergic receptors, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system.
Pharmacology[edit]
Mechanism of Action[edit]
Pargolol works by blocking the beta-1 adrenergic receptors predominantly found in the heart and kidneys. This action results in a decrease in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output, ultimately leading to a reduction in blood pressure. Additionally, Pargolol reduces the release of renin from the kidneys, contributing to its antihypertensive effects.
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
Pargolol is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and undergoes significant first-pass metabolism in the liver. It has a bioavailability of approximately 50%. The drug is metabolized primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system and is excreted in the urine. The half-life of Pargolol is about 6 to 8 hours, allowing for twice-daily dosing.
Clinical Uses[edit]
Hypertension[edit]
Pargolol is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. It is often used as part of a combination therapy with other antihypertensive agents such as diuretics or calcium channel blockers.
Angina Pectoris[edit]
In patients with angina, Pargolol reduces the frequency and severity of anginal attacks by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand.
Arrhythmias[edit]
Pargolol is used in the management of certain types of arrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. It helps to control the heart rate and restore normal rhythm.
Side Effects[edit]
Common side effects of Pargolol include fatigue, dizziness, bradycardia, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Less common but serious side effects can include bronchospasm, particularly in patients with asthma, and heart failure in susceptible individuals.
Contraindications[edit]
Pargolol is contraindicated in patients with severe bradycardia, second or third-degree heart block, and uncontrolled heart failure. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease.
Interactions[edit]
Pargolol may interact with other medications such as calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These interactions can potentiate or diminish the effects of Pargolol.
Related pages[edit]
