Arab cuisine: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:40, 11 February 2025

Medications used to treat obesity

Anti-obesity medication or weight loss drugs are pharmacological agents that reduce or control body weight. These medications alter one of the fundamental processes of the human body, weight regulation, by either altering appetite, metabolism, or absorption of calories. Anti-obesity medications are prescribed to individuals with a BMI of 30 or higher, or those with a BMI of 27 or higher with comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes or hypertension.

Mechanism of Action

Anti-obesity medications work through various mechanisms:

Appetite Suppression: Some medications act on the central nervous system to suppress appetite. These include drugs that increase the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which are involved in the regulation of appetite and mood.

Increased Metabolism: Certain drugs increase the body's metabolic rate, leading to increased energy expenditure. This can be achieved through the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.

Inhibition of Fat Absorption: Some medications work by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats in the intestine. These drugs block the action of lipase, an enzyme necessary for the breakdown of fats, thus reducing caloric intake.

Common Anti-Obesity Medications

Orlistat: A lipase inhibitor that reduces the absorption of dietary fats. It is available over-the-counter and by prescription.

Phentermine/Topiramate: A combination drug that suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure.

Liraglutide: Originally developed for diabetes, this drug mimics the hormone GLP-1 to reduce appetite.

Naltrexone/Bupropion: A combination that affects the central nervous system to reduce hunger and cravings.

Side Effects

The use of anti-obesity medications can lead to various side effects, which may include:

Gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
Increased heart rate and blood pressure.
Insomnia and nervousness.
Risk of addiction or abuse, particularly with stimulant-based medications.

Considerations and Contraindications

Anti-obesity medications are not suitable for everyone. They are contraindicated in individuals with certain medical conditions, such as:

Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Uncontrolled hypertension.
History of substance abuse.
Certain psychiatric disorders.

Related Pages

Gallery

Anti-obesity medication

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-'''Arab cuisine''' is the cuisine of the [[Arabs]], defined as the various regional cuisines spanning the [[Arab world]], from the [[Maghreb]] to the [[Fertile Crescent]] and the [[Arabian Peninsula]]. The cuisines are often centuries old and reflect the culture of great trading in spices, herbs, and foods.
+{{Short description|Medications used to treat obesity}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
-== History ==
+'''Anti-obesity medication''' or '''weight loss drugs''' are pharmacological agents that reduce or control [[body weight]]. These medications alter one of the fundamental processes of the human body, weight regulation, by either altering appetite, metabolism, or absorption of calories. Anti-obesity medications are prescribed to individuals with a [[Body mass index|BMI]] of 30 or higher, or those with a BMI of 27 or higher with comorbid conditions such as [[type 2 diabetes]] or [[hypertension]].
-The history of Arab cuisine is deeply intertwined with the history of the Arab world itself. The Arab world has a rich history of trade, conquest, and cultural exchange, which has greatly influenced the development of its cuisine. The Arabs were among the first to cultivate many of the foods we take for granted today, such as wheat, barley, rice, and dates.
+==Mechanism of Action==
+Anti-obesity medications work through various mechanisms:
-== Ingredients ==
+* '''Appetite Suppression''': Some medications act on the [[central nervous system]] to suppress appetite. These include drugs that increase the levels of [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[serotonin]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[dopamine]], which are involved in the regulation of appetite and mood.
-The most commonly used ingredients in Arab cuisine are [[lamb]], [[beef]], [[chicken]], [[fish]], [[olive oil]], [[dairy products]], [[legumes]], [[grains]], [[vegetables]], [[fruits]], [[nuts]], [[herbs]], and [[spices]].
+* '''Increased Metabolism''': Certain drugs increase the body's [[metabolic rate]], leading to increased energy expenditure. This can be achieved through the stimulation of the [[sympathetic nervous system]].
-== Dishes ==
+* '''Inhibition of Fat Absorption''': Some medications work by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats in the [[intestine]]. These drugs block the action of [[lipase]], an enzyme necessary for the breakdown of fats, thus reducing caloric intake.
-Some of the most popular dishes in Arab cuisine include [[hummus]], [[falafel]], [[shawarma]], [[tabbouleh]], [[baba ghanoush]], and [[couscous]].
+==Common Anti-Obesity Medications==
-== Beverages ==
+* '''Orlistat''': A lipase inhibitor that reduces the absorption of dietary fats. It is available over-the-counter and by prescription.
-Traditional Arab beverages include [[coffee]], [[tea]], [[juice]], and [[alcoholic beverages]] such as [[arak]] and [[beer]].
+* '''Phentermine/Topiramate''': A combination drug that suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure.
-== See also ==
+* '''Liraglutide''': Originally developed for [[diabetes]], this drug mimics the hormone [[GLP-1]] to reduce appetite.
-* [[Middle Eastern cuisine]]
+* '''Naltrexone/Bupropion''': A combination that affects the central nervous system to reduce hunger and cravings.
-* [[Mediterranean cuisine]]
-* [[List of Arab dishes]]
-== References ==
+==Side Effects==
+The use of anti-obesity medications can lead to various side effects, which may include:
-<references />
+* Gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
+* Increased heart rate and blood pressure.
+* Insomnia and nervousness.
+* Risk of addiction or abuse, particularly with stimulant-based medications.
-{{stub}}
+==Considerations and Contraindications==
+Anti-obesity medications are not suitable for everyone. They are contraindicated in individuals with certain medical conditions, such as:
-[[Category:Arab cuisine]]
+* [[Pregnancy]] and breastfeeding.
-[[Category:Middle Eastern cuisine]]
+* Uncontrolled [[hypertension]].
-[[Category:Mediterranean cuisine]]
+* History of [[substance abuse]].
+* Certain psychiatric disorders.
+==Related Pages==
+* [[Obesity]]
+* [[Dieting]]
+* [[Physical exercise]]
+* [[Bariatric surgery]]
+==Gallery==
+<gallery>
+File:Obesity Med2008.JPG|Anti-obesity medication
+</gallery>
+[[Category:Anti-obesity medications]]
+[[Category:Obesity]]
+[[Category:Pharmacology]]