Urachal cancer: Difference between revisions
CSV import |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Urachal cancer''' is a rare | == Urachal Cancer == | ||
'''Urachal cancer''' is a rare type of cancer that originates in the [[urachus]], a vestigial remnant of the [[allantois]] that connects the fetal bladder to the [[umbilicus]]. This type of cancer is most commonly found in the [[bladder]] dome and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its asymptomatic nature in early development. | |||
== Pathophysiology == | |||
The urachus is a fibrous cord that is usually obliterated after birth, forming the [[median umbilical ligament]]. However, in some cases, remnants of the urachus persist and can give rise to malignancies. Urachal cancer is predominantly [[adenocarcinoma]], accounting for about 90% of cases, with other histological types being much less common. | |||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of urachal cancer are often non-specific and may include [[hematuria]] (blood in urine), [[abdominal pain]], and a palpable mass. Due to the deep location of the urachus, these symptoms often appear only when the disease is advanced. | |||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of urachal cancer | Diagnosis of urachal cancer typically involves imaging studies such as [[ultrasound]], [[CT scan]], or [[MRI]] to identify the presence of a mass. [[Cystoscopy]] may also be performed to visualize the bladder and obtain tissue samples for [[biopsy]]. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The primary treatment for urachal cancer is surgical resection, often involving a partial or radical [[cystectomy]] with en bloc resection of the urachus and umbilicus. [[Chemotherapy]] and [[radiation therapy]] may be considered in cases where the cancer is not completely resectable or has metastasized. | |||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis | The prognosis for urachal cancer depends on the stage at diagnosis and the completeness of surgical resection. Early-stage cancers that are completely resected have a better prognosis, while advanced-stage cancers have a poorer outcome. | ||
== | == Related Pages == | ||
* [[Bladder cancer]] | * [[Bladder cancer]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Adenocarcinoma]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Cystectomy]] | ||
* | |||
== References == | |||
* Herr, H. W., & Bochner, B. H. (2007). "Urachal carcinoma: the case for extended partial cystectomy." ''The Journal of Urology'', 178(4), 1122-1124. | |||
* Ashley, R. A., Inman, B. A., Routh, J. C., & Rohlinger, A. L. (2006). "Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy." ''Cancer'', 107(4), 712-720. | |||
== Images == | |||
[[ | [[File:Urachal_carcinoma_-_high_mag.jpg|thumb|Urachal carcinoma under high magnification.]] | ||
[[ | [[File:UrC_CDX2_200x.tif|thumb|CDX2 staining in urachal carcinoma.]] | ||
[[Category:Urological neoplasia]] | |||
[[Category:Rare cancers]] | |||
Revision as of 20:59, 9 February 2025
Urachal Cancer
Urachal cancer is a rare type of cancer that originates in the urachus, a vestigial remnant of the allantois that connects the fetal bladder to the umbilicus. This type of cancer is most commonly found in the bladder dome and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its asymptomatic nature in early development.
Pathophysiology
The urachus is a fibrous cord that is usually obliterated after birth, forming the median umbilical ligament. However, in some cases, remnants of the urachus persist and can give rise to malignancies. Urachal cancer is predominantly adenocarcinoma, accounting for about 90% of cases, with other histological types being much less common.
Symptoms
Symptoms of urachal cancer are often non-specific and may include hematuria (blood in urine), abdominal pain, and a palpable mass. Due to the deep location of the urachus, these symptoms often appear only when the disease is advanced.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of urachal cancer typically involves imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to identify the presence of a mass. Cystoscopy may also be performed to visualize the bladder and obtain tissue samples for biopsy.
Treatment
The primary treatment for urachal cancer is surgical resection, often involving a partial or radical cystectomy with en bloc resection of the urachus and umbilicus. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be considered in cases where the cancer is not completely resectable or has metastasized.
Prognosis
The prognosis for urachal cancer depends on the stage at diagnosis and the completeness of surgical resection. Early-stage cancers that are completely resected have a better prognosis, while advanced-stage cancers have a poorer outcome.
Related Pages
References
- Herr, H. W., & Bochner, B. H. (2007). "Urachal carcinoma: the case for extended partial cystectomy." The Journal of Urology, 178(4), 1122-1124.
- Ashley, R. A., Inman, B. A., Routh, J. C., & Rohlinger, A. L. (2006). "Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy." Cancer, 107(4), 712-720.
Images
