Trichilemmal carcinoma: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:48, 9 February 2025

Trichilemmal Carcinoma

Trichilemmal carcinoma is a rare skin cancer that originates from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. It is considered a low-grade malignant tumor and is often found on sun-exposed areas of the skin, particularly the scalp and face.

Clinical Presentation

Trichilemmal carcinoma typically presents as a solitary, slow-growing nodule or plaque. The lesion may appear as a firm, flesh-colored or slightly erythematous mass. It is most commonly diagnosed in elderly individuals, with a slight predilection for males.

Histopathology

Histologically, trichilemmal carcinoma is characterized by lobules of clear cells with prominent cell borders and glycogen-rich cytoplasm. The tumor cells exhibit atypical features such as nuclear pleomorphism and increased mitotic activity. The presence of trichilemmal keratinization, where the cells undergo abrupt keratinization without a granular layer, is a distinguishing feature.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of trichilemmal carcinoma is primarily based on histopathological examination. A biopsy of the lesion is performed to confirm the diagnosis and to differentiate it from other skin tumors such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Treatment

The standard treatment for trichilemmal carcinoma is surgical excision with clear margins. Due to its low metastatic potential, complete excision is often curative. In cases where surgical excision is not feasible, alternative treatments such as Mohs micrographic surgery or radiation therapy may be considered.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with trichilemmal carcinoma is generally favorable, given its low propensity for metastasis. Recurrence is uncommon if the tumor is completely excised. Regular follow-up is recommended to monitor for any signs of recurrence.

Related Pages

References

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-'''Trichilemmal carcinoma''' is a rare type of [[skin cancer]] that originates from the outer root sheath of the [[hair follicle]]. It is also known as '''trichilemmal carcinoma of the skin''' or '''trichilemmal skin carcinoma'''.
+== Trichilemmal Carcinoma ==
-== Overview ==
+[[File:SkinTumors-P7080439.JPG|thumb|right|Trichilemmal carcinoma on the skin]]
-Trichilemmal carcinoma is a malignant variant of the benign [[trichilemmoma]]. It is a rare, slow-growing, and locally aggressive tumor that typically occurs on sun-exposed skin, particularly on the head and neck. The tumor is more common in elderly individuals and has a slight female predominance.
+'''Trichilemmal carcinoma''' is a rare [[skin cancer]] that originates from the outer root sheath of the [[hair follicle]]. It is considered a low-grade malignant tumor and is often found on sun-exposed areas of the skin, particularly the [[scalp]] and [[face]].
-== Symptoms ==
+== Clinical Presentation ==
+Trichilemmal carcinoma typically presents as a solitary, slow-growing nodule or plaque. The lesion may appear as a firm, flesh-colored or slightly erythematous mass. It is most commonly diagnosed in [[elderly]] individuals, with a slight predilection for [[males]].
-The most common symptom of trichilemmal carcinoma is a solitary, firm, and well-demarcated nodule or plaque. The lesion is often ulcerated and may bleed. Pain is not a common symptom unless the tumor is traumatized.
+== Histopathology ==
+Histologically, trichilemmal carcinoma is characterized by lobules of clear cells with prominent cell borders and glycogen-rich cytoplasm. The tumor cells exhibit atypical features such as nuclear pleomorphism and increased mitotic activity. The presence of trichilemmal keratinization, where the cells undergo abrupt keratinization without a granular layer, is a distinguishing feature.
 == Diagnosis ==
+The diagnosis of trichilemmal carcinoma is primarily based on histopathological examination. A [[biopsy]] of the lesion is performed to confirm the diagnosis and to differentiate it from other skin tumors such as [[squamous cell carcinoma]] and [[basal cell carcinoma]].
-The diagnosis of trichilemmal carcinoma is based on histopathological examination. The tumor cells show clear cytoplasm and distinct cell borders, similar to the cells of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle from which the tumor originates. Immunohistochemical staining can be used to confirm the diagnosis.
 == Treatment ==
+The standard treatment for trichilemmal carcinoma is surgical excision with clear margins. Due to its low metastatic potential, complete excision is often curative. In cases where surgical excision is not feasible, alternative treatments such as [[Mohs micrographic surgery]] or [[radiation therapy]] may be considered.
-The primary treatment for trichilemmal carcinoma is surgical excision with clear margins. In some cases, [[Mohs surgery]] may be used to ensure complete removal of the tumor while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. Radiation therapy may be used in cases where surgery is not possible or if the tumor recurs.
 == Prognosis ==
+The prognosis for patients with trichilemmal carcinoma is generally favorable, given its low propensity for metastasis. Recurrence is uncommon if the tumor is completely excised. Regular follow-up is recommended to monitor for any signs of recurrence.
-The prognosis for trichilemmal carcinoma is generally good, as the tumor is slow-growing and rarely metastasizes. However, the tumor can be locally aggressive and may recur if not completely removed.
+== Related Pages ==
-== See also ==
-* [[Trichilemmoma]]
 * [[Skin cancer]]
+* [[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
+* [[Basal cell carcinoma]]
 * [[Mohs surgery]]
-[[Category:Skin cancers]]
+== References ==
-[[Category:Rare diseases]]
+{{Reflist}}
-[[Category:Dermatology]]
-{{Skin-cancer-stub}}
+[[Category:Skin neoplasms]]
-{{Rare-disease-stub}}
+[[Category:Rare cancers]]