Migrating motor complex

Migrating Motor Complex
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The Migrating Motor Complex (MMC) is a pattern of electromechanical activity observed in gastrointestinal physiology during the periods between meals. It is a crucial component of the digestive system that helps in maintaining gut motility and preventing bacterial overgrowth.

Phases of the Migrating Motor Complex

The MMC is divided into four distinct phases:

• Phase I: A period of relative quiescence lasting 30 to 60 minutes, where there are no contractions.
• Phase II: A period of intermittent contractions that gradually increase in frequency and intensity.
• Phase III: Also known as the "housekeeper wave," this phase consists of intense, regular contractions that sweep along the length of the small intestine. It lasts about 5 to 10 minutes.
• Phase IV: A short transition period between phase III and phase I.

Function

The primary function of the MMC is to clear residual undigested material from the stomach and small intestine. It also helps in:

• Preventing bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine.
• Regulating the gastrointestinal tract's motility.
• Facilitating the transport of bile and pancreatic secretions.

Regulation

The MMC is regulated by both hormonal and neural mechanisms. The hormone motilin plays a significant role in initiating phase III of the MMC. Neural control involves the enteric nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

Clinical Significance

Disruption of the MMC can lead to various gastrointestinal disorders, such as:

• Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)
• Gastroparesis
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

See Also

• Gastrointestinal motility
• Enteric nervous system
• Motilin

External Links

• Migrating Motor Complex on WikiMD