Motilin
Motilin
Motilin (pronounced: moe-TILL-in) is a 22-amino acid peptide hormone that is produced in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract, specifically in the duodenum and jejunum. It plays a crucial role in gastric motility and the regulation of interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions.
Etymology
The term "motilin" is derived from the word "motility," referring to the hormone's role in stimulating gastrointestinal movement.
Function
Motilin is secreted by the M cells in the small intestine. It is released in a cyclic manner every 80-120 minutes during the fasting state. Its primary function is to increase the migrating motor complex component of gastrointestinal motility and stimulate the production of pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin. It also stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder and the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bile.
Related Terms
- Gastrointestinal tract: The digestive tract from the mouth to the anus, including the stomach and intestines.
- Peptide: Short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide (amide) bonds.
- Mucosa: The membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs.
- Duodenum: The first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach.
- Jejunum: The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.
- Interdigestive: The period between meals.
- M cells: Specialized cells in the lining of the gut that transport antigens to immune cells.
- Pancreatic polypeptide: A polypeptide secreted by PP cells in the pancreas that inhibits pancreatic secretion.
- Somatostatin: A hormone that inhibits the release of growth hormone.
- Gallbladder: A small organ where bile is stored, before it is released into the small intestine.
- Pancreatic enzymes: Enzymes produced by the pancreas and secreted into the small intestine.
- Bile: A bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Motilin
- Wikipedia's article - Motilin
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