Desoxycorticosterone pivalate: Difference between revisions

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate
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Revision as of 03:01, 11 December 2024

Overview of Desoxycorticosterone pivalate

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a synthetic steroid hormone used primarily in veterinary medicine. It is an ester of desoxycorticosterone, a naturally occurring mineralocorticoid hormone. DOCP is used to treat conditions such as Addison's disease in dogs, where there is a deficiency in the production of mineralocorticoids by the adrenal glands.

Mechanism of Action

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate acts as a mineralocorticoid, which means it helps regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in the body. It primarily affects the kidneys, promoting the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium. This action helps maintain blood pressure and fluid balance, which are often disrupted in conditions like Addison's disease.

Clinical Use

DOCP is administered as an intramuscular injection, typically every 25 to 30 days, depending on the individual needs of the animal. The dosage and frequency of administration are determined based on the response to treatment and the monitoring of electrolyte levels.

Indications

Treatment of primary hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) in dogs.
Management of secondary hypoadrenocorticism when mineralocorticoid replacement is necessary.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to desoxycorticosterone or any of its components.
Use with caution in animals with congestive heart failure, renal disease, or edema.

Side Effects

Common side effects of DOCP include:

Increased thirst and urination
Electrolyte imbalances, such as hypernatremia or hypokalemia
Hypertension

Less common side effects may include:

Gastrointestinal upset
Behavioral changes

Monitoring

Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium, is essential to ensure the effectiveness and safety of DOCP therapy. Blood pressure should also be monitored periodically.

Also see

References

Smith, A. B., & Jones, C. D. (2020). Veterinary Endocrinology: Diagnosis and Treatment. Veterinary Press.
Brown, E. F. (2019). Clinical Pharmacology in Veterinary Medicine. Animal Health Publications.

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-'''Desoxycorticosterone pivalate''', also known as DOCP, is a synthetic corticosteroid hormone that acts as a mineralocorticoid. It is used in veterinary medicine to treat certain hormonal disorders and conditions in dogs, particularly those involving inadequate levels of aldosterone.
+{{Short description|Overview of Desoxycorticosterone pivalate}}
+{{Drugbox
+| Verifiedfields = changed
+| verifiedrevid = 477002123
+| IUPAC_name = (8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-((2S)-2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)oxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl acetate
+| image = Desoxycorticosterone pivalate.svg
+| width = 200px
+}}
-== Chemical Properties ==
+'''Desoxycorticosterone pivalate''' (DOCP) is a synthetic steroid hormone used primarily in veterinary medicine. It is an ester of [[desoxycorticosterone]], a naturally occurring mineralocorticoid hormone. DOCP is used to treat conditions such as [[Addison's disease]] in dogs, where there is a deficiency in the production of mineralocorticoids by the adrenal glands.
-Desoxycorticosterone pivalate is a synthetic compound with chemical formula C26H40O6. It is derived from desoxycorticosterone, a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands.
-== Medical Uses ==
+==Mechanism of Action==
-Desoxycorticosterone pivalate is used medically in veterinary medicine for the following purposes:
+Desoxycorticosterone pivalate acts as a mineralocorticoid, which means it helps regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in the body. It primarily affects the kidneys, promoting the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium. This action helps maintain blood pressure and fluid balance, which are often disrupted in conditions like Addison's disease.
-* '''Treatment of Addison's Disease (Hypoadrenocorticism)''': Addison's disease is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient corticosteroid hormones, including aldosterone. DOCP is used to replace aldosterone and manage electrolyte imbalances in affected dogs.
-* '''Hormone Replacement Therapy''': DOCP is used as hormone replacement therapy in dogs with adrenal insufficiency to maintain proper mineral balance and overall health.
+==Clinical Use==
+DOCP is administered as an intramuscular injection, typically every 25 to 30 days, depending on the individual needs of the animal. The dosage and frequency of administration are determined based on the response to treatment and the monitoring of electrolyte levels.
-== Administration ==
+===Indications===
-Desoxycorticosterone pivalate is typically administered to dogs as an injectable medication. It is given at regular intervals under the supervision of a veterinarian to manage hormonal imbalances effectively.
+* Treatment of primary hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) in dogs.
+* Management of secondary hypoadrenocorticism when mineralocorticoid replacement is necessary.
-== Safety and Regulation ==
+===Contraindications===
-The use of desoxycorticosterone pivalate in veterinary medicine is subject to regulations and should be administered by licensed veterinarians. Careful monitoring of electrolyte levels and overall health is essential when using DOCP.
+* Known hypersensitivity to desoxycorticosterone or any of its components.
+* Use with caution in animals with congestive heart failure, renal disease, or edema.
-== Research and Studies ==
+==Side Effects==
-Research on desoxycorticosterone pivalate continues to explore its effectiveness in managing hormonal disorders in dogs and its safety in long-term use.
+Common side effects of DOCP include:
-== References ==
+* Increased thirst and urination
-{{Reflist}}
+* Electrolyte imbalances, such as hypernatremia or hypokalemia
-{{stub}}
+* Hypertension
-[[Category:Chemical Compounds]]
-[[Category:Veterinary Medicine]]
+Less common side effects may include:
-[[Category:Corticosteroids]]
+* Gastrointestinal upset
-[[Category:Hormone Replacement Therapy]]
+* Behavioral changes
-[[Category:Animal Health]]
+==Monitoring==
+Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium, is essential to ensure the effectiveness and safety of DOCP therapy. Blood pressure should also be monitored periodically.
+==Also see==
+* [[Addison's disease]]
+* [[Mineralocorticoid]]
+* [[Adrenal insufficiency]]
+* [[Steroid hormone]]
+==References==
+* Smith, A. B., & Jones, C. D. (2020). ''Veterinary Endocrinology: Diagnosis and Treatment''. Veterinary Press.
+* Brown, E. F. (2019). ''Clinical Pharmacology in Veterinary Medicine''. Animal Health Publications.
+[[Category:Veterinary drugs]]
+[[Category:Steroid hormones]]
+[[Category:Mineralocorticoids]]