Emtricitabine/tenofovir: Difference between revisions

Emtricitabine/tenofovir
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Revision as of 02:54, 11 December 2024

Combination antiretroviral medication

Emtricitabine/tenofovir is a combination antiretroviral medication used in the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. It is a fixed-dose combination of two antiretroviral drugs: emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil. This combination is commonly marketed under the brand name Truvada, among others.

Medical uses

Emtricitabine/tenofovir is primarily used in the treatment of HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It is also used as a part of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV in high-risk populations.

Treatment of HIV

In the treatment of HIV, emtricitabine/tenofovir is used as part of a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen. It works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme crucial for the replication of HIV.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

For PrEP, emtricitabine/tenofovir is taken by HIV-negative individuals to prevent infection. Clinical trials have shown that when taken consistently, it significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission.

Mechanism of action

Emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil are both reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), while tenofovir disoproxil is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI). They work by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that HIV needs to replicate its genetic material and multiply.

Side effects

Common side effects of emtricitabine/tenofovir include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Long-term use may lead to kidney problems and bone density loss. Regular monitoring of kidney function and bone health is recommended for patients on this medication.

History

Emtricitabine/tenofovir was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 for the treatment of HIV. In 2012, it was approved for use as PrEP, marking a significant advancement in HIV prevention strategies.

Also see

References

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-= Emtricitabine/Tenofovir =
+{{Short description|Combination antiretroviral medication}}
+{{Drugbox
+| Verifiedfields = changed
+| verifiedrevid = 477002295
+| image = Tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine.svg
+| width = 250
+| type = combo
+| component1 = [[Emtricitabine]]
+| class1 = [[Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor]] (NRTI)
+| component2 = [[Tenofovir disoproxil]]
+| class2 = [[Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor]] (NtRTI)
+}}
-[[File:Tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine.svg|thumb|right|300px|Emtricitabine/Tenofovir pill, commonly sold under the brand name Truvada.]]
+'''Emtricitabine/tenofovir''' is a combination antiretroviral medication used in the treatment and prevention of [[HIV/AIDS]]. It is a fixed-dose combination of two antiretroviral drugs: [[emtricitabine]] and [[tenofovir disoproxil]]. This combination is commonly marketed under the brand name Truvada, among others.
-'''Emtricitabine/Tenofovir''' is a combination antiretroviral medication extensively used in the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Marketed under popular brand names like '''Truvada''' among others, this medication combines two potent antiretroviral drugs: emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil.
+==Medical uses==
+Emtricitabine/tenofovir is primarily used in the treatment of [[HIV]] infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It is also used as a part of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV in high-risk populations.
-== Composition and Formulation ==
+===Treatment of HIV===
+In the treatment of HIV, emtricitabine/tenofovir is used as part of a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen. It works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme crucial for the replication of HIV.
-The fixed-dose medication comprises:
+===Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)===
-* '''Emtricitabine:''' An antiretroviral medication that inhibits the replication of the HIV virus in the body.
+For PrEP, emtricitabine/tenofovir is taken by HIV-negative individuals to prevent infection. Clinical trials have shown that when taken consistently, it significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission.
-* '''Tenofovir Disoproxil:''' Another antiretroviral agent that further aids in curbing the virus's replication.
-Together, these components work synergistically to manage HIV infection, though they do not offer a cure.
+==Mechanism of action==
+Emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil are both reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), while tenofovir disoproxil is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI). They work by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that HIV needs to replicate its genetic material and multiply.
-== Uses ==
+==Side effects==
+Common side effects of emtricitabine/tenofovir include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Long-term use may lead to kidney problems and bone density loss. Regular monitoring of kidney function and bone health is recommended for patients on this medication.
-=== Treatment of HIV/AIDS ===
+==History==
-Emtricitabine/Tenofovir is instrumental in suppressing the viral load in HIV-positive patients. However, it is paramount to use this medication in conjunction with other antiretroviral drugs to ensure comprehensive management of the condition.
+Emtricitabine/tenofovir was approved by the [[United States Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) in 2004 for the treatment of HIV. In 2012, it was approved for use as PrEP, marking a significant advancement in HIV prevention strategies.
-=== Prevention of HIV/AIDS ===
+==Also see==
-For individuals at a heightened risk of contracting HIV, Emtricitabine/Tenofovir is recommended as a preventative measure, termed as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). While this can significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection, it should be noted that the medication should be accompanied by safer sex practices to maximize protection.
+* [[Antiretroviral drug]]
+* [[HIV/AIDS]]
+* [[Pre-exposure prophylaxis]]
+* [[Reverse transcriptase inhibitor]]
-== Mode of Administration ==
+==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-This medication is orally administered, typically in tablet form.
+[[Category:Antiretroviral drugs]]
+[[Category:HIV/AIDS prevention]]
-== Precautions ==
+[[Category:Combination drugs]]
-While Emtricitabine/Tenofovir plays a crucial role in HIV management, it doesn't cure HIV/AIDS. Patients should consistently monitor their health, maintain regular consultations with healthcare professionals, and adhere strictly to the prescribed medication regimen.
-== Branding ==
-While "Truvada" is the most recognized brand name for this combination drug, other brands might also market it. Users should ensure the authenticity of the medication by purchasing it from trusted suppliers.
-== Conclusion ==
-Emtricitabine/Tenofovir has revolutionized the treatment and prevention approach towards HIV/AIDS. While it offers hope and better health outcomes, it's vital for patients and those at risk to be informed and remain vigilant in their overall health management.
-[[Category:Medications]]
-[[Category:Antiretroviral Drugs]]
-[[Category:HIV/AIDS]]
-{{stub}}