Manifesto: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:57, 13 August 2024

A manifesto is a public declaration in which individuals, groups, or parties present their intentions, motives, or views on important issues. Manifestos are often associated with political parties, social movements, and artistic or philosophical schools of thought. They are intended to outline the principles and plans of the issuer, often in a concise and persuasive manner, to garner support and influence public opinion or policy.

Origins and History

The term "manifesto" derives from the Latin manifestum, which means clear or conspicuous. Historically, manifestos have played a pivotal role in political and social movements. One of the earliest and most influential manifestos is the Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848, which laid out the principles of Marxism and called for the overthrow of capitalist systems.

Types of Manifestos

Manifestos can vary widely in content and style depending on their authors and the context in which they are created. Some common types include:

Political Manifestos: These are often used by political parties to outline their policies and goals before elections. For example, the Labour Party frequently publishes a manifesto before the general elections.
Artistic and Literary Manifestos: Used by artists, writers, and filmmakers to express their artistic philosophies and the principles of their movements. The Surrealist Manifesto by André Breton, published in 1924, is an example of this type.
Corporate Manifestos: Some companies create manifestos to outline their mission, vision, and values to both employees and the public.
Technology Manifestos: In the tech industry, manifestos may outline philosophies regarding software development practices, such as the Agile Manifesto for software development.

Impact and Criticism

Manifestos can have a significant impact on society by influencing public opinion, shaping political or artistic movements, and inspiring action. However, they can also be subject to criticism. Detractors might argue that manifestos oversimplify complex issues, use overly aggressive or divisive rhetoric, or fail to provide practical solutions.

Notable Manifestos

Some well-known manifestos that have had a considerable impact on society include:

Communist Manifesto (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Declaration of Independence (1776) by Thomas Jefferson
Surrealist Manifesto (1924) by André Breton
Futurist Manifesto (1909) by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
Cyborg Manifesto (1985) by Donna Haraway

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-[[File:Communist-manifesto.png|Communist-manifesto|thumb]] '''Manifesto''' is a [[document]] or declaration in which a person, group, or party outlines their intentions, motives, or views. Manifestos are often associated with [[political parties]], [[social movements]], and [[artistic movements]], serving as a public declaration of principles, goals, and strategies. The term originates from the Latin ''manifestum'', meaning clear or conspicuous. Over time, manifestos have played a crucial role in various historical and cultural contexts, influencing political, social, and artistic landscapes.
+{{about|the public declaration of intentions, motives, or views|the use in software development|Manifest file}}
-==History==
+A '''manifesto''' is a public declaration in which individuals, groups, or parties present their intentions, motives, or views on important issues. Manifestos are often associated with political parties, social movements, and artistic or philosophical schools of thought. They are intended to outline the principles and plans of the issuer, often in a concise and persuasive manner, to garner support and influence public opinion or policy.
-The use of manifestos has a long history, dating back to at least the 17th century. However, they became particularly prominent in the 19th and 20th centuries, a period marked by rapid social, political, and technological changes. One of the most famous early manifestos is the ''[[Communist Manifesto]]'' (1848) by [[Karl Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels]], which laid out the principles of [[communism]] and called for the overthrow of capitalist societies. This document had a profound impact on global politics, inspiring numerous socialist and communist movements around the world.
+==Origins and History==
+The term "manifesto" derives from the Latin ''manifestum'', which means clear or conspicuous. Historically, manifestos have played a pivotal role in political and social movements. One of the earliest and most influential manifestos is the [[Communist Manifesto]] written by [[Karl Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels]] in 1848, which laid out the principles of [[Marxism]] and called for the overthrow of capitalist systems.
 ==Types of Manifestos==
-Manifestos can vary widely in content and style, depending on their authors and intended audience. Some common types include:
+Manifestos can vary widely in content and style depending on their authors and the context in which they are created. Some common types include:
-* '''Political Manifestos:''' These are often published by political parties or activist groups to outline their policies and political agenda ahead of elections or to galvanize support for a cause.
+* '''Political Manifestos:''' These are often used by political parties to outline their policies and goals before elections. For example, the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] frequently publishes a manifesto before the [[United Kingdom general elections|general elections]].
-* '''Artistic and Literary Manifestos:''' Many [[art movements]] and [[literary movements]] have used manifestos to articulate their aesthetic theories and reject established norms. For example, the [[Futurist Manifesto]] (1909) by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, which celebrated technology and modernity, and the [[Surrealist Manifesto]] (1924) by André Breton, which defined surrealism as "pure psychic automatism."
+* '''Artistic and Literary Manifestos:''' Used by artists, writers, and filmmakers to express their artistic philosophies and the principles of their movements. The [[Surrealist Manifesto]] by [[André Breton]], published in 1924, is an example of this type.
-* '''Personal Manifestos:''' Individuals may also write manifestos to express their personal beliefs, values, and life goals. These documents can serve as a guide for personal growth and decision-making.
+* '''Corporate Manifestos:''' Some companies create manifestos to outline their mission, vision, and values to both employees and the public.
+* '''Technology Manifestos:''' In the tech industry, manifestos may outline philosophies regarding software development practices, such as the [[Agile Manifesto]] for software development.
 ==Impact and Criticism==
-Manifestos have been instrumental in shaping political ideologies, artistic movements, and social change. They can inspire unity, action, and a shared sense of purpose among like-minded individuals. However, manifestos can also be controversial, as they often challenge existing norms and institutions. Critics argue that some manifestos oversimplify complex issues or promote extremist views.
+Manifestos can have a significant impact on society by influencing public opinion, shaping political or artistic movements, and inspiring action. However, they can also be subject to criticism. Detractors might argue that manifestos oversimplify complex issues, use overly aggressive or divisive rhetoric, or fail to provide practical solutions.
+==Notable Manifestos==
+Some well-known manifestos that have had a considerable impact on society include:
-==Modern Usage==
+* [[Communist Manifesto]] (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
-In the digital age, the concept of the manifesto has evolved. With the advent of the internet and social media, manifestos can now reach a global audience more easily than ever before. Online platforms have also democratized the process, allowing anyone with an internet connection to publish their own manifesto. Despite changes in medium, the core purpose of manifestos remains the same: to articulate and share a set of beliefs, goals, or demands.
+* [[Declaration of Independence]] (1776) by Thomas Jefferson
+* [[Surrealist Manifesto]] (1924) by André Breton
+* [[Futurist Manifesto]] (1909) by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
+* [[Cyborg Manifesto]] (1985) by Donna Haraway
 ==See Also==
 * [[Political philosophy]]
 * [[Social movement]]
-* [[Art history]]
 * [[Declaration]]
+[[Category:Political terminology]]
 [[Category:Documents]]
-[[Category:Political culture]]
+[[Category:Manifestos]]
-[[Category:Artistic movements]]
-[[Category:Social movements]]
-{{stub}}
+{{poli-stub}}