Disseminated coccidioidomycosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Disseminated coccidioidomycosis | |||
| image = [[File:Coccidioidomycosis_granulomas_on_forehead.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Granulomas on the forehead due to disseminated coccidioidomycosis | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| synonyms = Disseminated Valley fever | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[cough]], [[weight loss]], [[skin lesions]], [[bone pain]], [[meningitis]] | |||
| complications = [[Chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis]], [[meningitis]], [[osteomyelitis]] | |||
| onset = Weeks to months after initial infection | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Coccidioides immitis]] or [[Coccidioides posadasii]] infection | |||
| risks = [[Immunosuppression]], [[pregnancy]], [[diabetes]], [[ethnicity]] (e.g., [[Filipino]], [[African American]]) | |||
| diagnosis = [[Serology]], [[culture]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Tuberculosis]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[sarcoidosis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of endemic areas, use of [[respiratory protection]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antifungal]] medications such as [[fluconazole]], [[itraconazole]], [[amphotericin B]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable; can be life-threatening if untreated | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = Can be fatal if not treated | |||
}} | |||
'''Disseminated coccidioidomycosis''' is a severe form of [[coccidioidomycosis]], a fungal infection caused by the [[Coccidioides]] species. This condition is also known as [[Valley Fever]] and is endemic in certain areas of the United States, particularly the southwestern regions. | '''Disseminated coccidioidomycosis''' is a severe form of [[coccidioidomycosis]], a fungal infection caused by the [[Coccidioides]] species. This condition is also known as [[Valley Fever]] and is endemic in certain areas of the United States, particularly the southwestern regions. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is caused by the inhalation of [[Coccidioides immitis]] or [[Coccidioides posadasii]] spores. These fungi are found in the soil and dust of endemic areas. The disease can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, leading to disseminated disease. | Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is caused by the inhalation of [[Coccidioides immitis]] or [[Coccidioides posadasii]] spores. These fungi are found in the soil and dust of endemic areas. The disease can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, leading to disseminated disease. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of disseminated coccidioidomycosis can vary widely, depending on the organs involved. They may include fever, cough, chest pain, weight loss, night sweats, skin lesions, and joint pain. In severe cases, the infection can affect the central nervous system, leading to [[meningitis]]. | The symptoms of disseminated coccidioidomycosis can vary widely, depending on the organs involved. They may include fever, cough, chest pain, weight loss, night sweats, skin lesions, and joint pain. In severe cases, the infection can affect the central nervous system, leading to [[meningitis]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of disseminated coccidioidomycosis is typically made through a combination of clinical findings, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. These may include [[serology]] tests, [[culture]] of body fluids or tissues, and [[histopathology]]. | Diagnosis of disseminated coccidioidomycosis is typically made through a combination of clinical findings, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. These may include [[serology]] tests, [[culture]] of body fluids or tissues, and [[histopathology]]. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for disseminated coccidioidomycosis typically involves long-term antifungal therapy with drugs such as [[fluconazole]] or [[itraconazole]]. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antifungal therapy may be required. | Treatment for disseminated coccidioidomycosis typically involves long-term antifungal therapy with drugs such as [[fluconazole]] or [[itraconazole]]. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antifungal therapy may be required. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Prevention strategies for disseminated coccidioidomycosis include avoiding activities that stir up dust in endemic areas, using face masks, and taking antifungal medication prophylactically if at high risk. | Prevention strategies for disseminated coccidioidomycosis include avoiding activities that stir up dust in endemic areas, using face masks, and taking antifungal medication prophylactically if at high risk. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Coccidioidomycosis]] | * [[Coccidioidomycosis]] | ||
* [[Fungal diseases]] | * [[Fungal diseases]] | ||
* [[Infectious diseases]] | * [[Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Fungal diseases]] | [[Category:Fungal diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:45, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Disseminated coccidioidomycosis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Disseminated Valley fever |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, cough, weight loss, skin lesions, bone pain, meningitis |
| Complications | Chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, meningitis, osteomyelitis |
| Onset | Weeks to months after initial infection |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii infection |
| Risks | Immunosuppression, pregnancy, diabetes, ethnicity (e.g., Filipino, African American) |
| Diagnosis | Serology, culture, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis |
| Prevention | Avoidance of endemic areas, use of respiratory protection |
| Treatment | Antifungal medications such as fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable; can be life-threatening if untreated |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | Can be fatal if not treated |
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a severe form of coccidioidomycosis, a fungal infection caused by the Coccidioides species. This condition is also known as Valley Fever and is endemic in certain areas of the United States, particularly the southwestern regions.
Causes[edit]
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is caused by the inhalation of Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii spores. These fungi are found in the soil and dust of endemic areas. The disease can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, leading to disseminated disease.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of disseminated coccidioidomycosis can vary widely, depending on the organs involved. They may include fever, cough, chest pain, weight loss, night sweats, skin lesions, and joint pain. In severe cases, the infection can affect the central nervous system, leading to meningitis.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of disseminated coccidioidomycosis is typically made through a combination of clinical findings, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. These may include serology tests, culture of body fluids or tissues, and histopathology.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for disseminated coccidioidomycosis typically involves long-term antifungal therapy with drugs such as fluconazole or itraconazole. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antifungal therapy may be required.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention strategies for disseminated coccidioidomycosis include avoiding activities that stir up dust in endemic areas, using face masks, and taking antifungal medication prophylactically if at high risk.
