Combat stress reaction: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Combat stress reaction | |||
| image = [[File:WW2_Marine_after_Eniwetok_assault.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]] exhibiting signs of combat stress after the [[Battle of Eniwetok]] | |||
| field = [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Battle fatigue]], [[combat fatigue]], [[shell shock]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fatigue (medical)|Fatigue]], [[slowness]], [[difficulty concentrating]], [[confusion]], [[disorientation]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[headache]], [[loss of appetite]], [[insomnia]], [[nightmares]], [[anxiety]], [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[irritability]] | |||
| onset = During or shortly after [[combat]] | |||
| duration = Short-term, typically resolves within days to weeks | |||
| causes = [[Exposure to combat]], [[psychological stress]] | |||
| risks = [[Prolonged exposure to combat]], [[lack of sleep]], [[poor nutrition]], [[previous mental health issues]] | |||
| diagnosis = Based on [[clinical assessment]] | |||
| differential = [[Post-traumatic stress disorder]], [[acute stress reaction]], [[adjustment disorder]] | |||
| treatment = [[Rest]], [[psychological support]], [[counseling]], [[medication]] if necessary | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with appropriate treatment | |||
| frequency = Common among combat troops | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Long-range_patrolling.jpg|Long-range patrolling|thumb]] | |||
'''Combat Stress Reaction''' (CSR), also known as '''battle fatigue''' or '''shell shock''', is a range of behaviors resulting from the stress of battle that decrease the combatant's fighting efficiency. The condition is a short-term acute stress reaction that is immediate and normal response to extreme stress. | '''Combat Stress Reaction''' (CSR), also known as '''battle fatigue''' or '''shell shock''', is a range of behaviors resulting from the stress of battle that decrease the combatant's fighting efficiency. The condition is a short-term acute stress reaction that is immediate and normal response to extreme stress. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The term [[combat stress reaction]] was first used in the [[World War II]] to describe soldiers' responses to the intense stress of battle. It was recognized that soldiers who had been in combat for extended periods of time exhibited a range of behaviors that were not present before the combat experience. These behaviors included fatigue, slow reaction times, indecision, disconnection from one's surroundings, and inability to prioritize tasks. | The term [[combat stress reaction]] was first used in the [[World War II]] to describe soldiers' responses to the intense stress of battle. It was recognized that soldiers who had been in combat for extended periods of time exhibited a range of behaviors that were not present before the combat experience. These behaviors included fatigue, slow reaction times, indecision, disconnection from one's surroundings, and inability to prioritize tasks. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of [[combat stress reaction]] can be physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral. Physical symptoms can include fatigue, trembling, vomiting, dizziness, and increased heart rate. Mental and emotional symptoms can include confusion, nightmares, hyper-vigilance, and emotional numbness. Behavioral symptoms can include withdrawal, avoidance, irritability, and changes in performance or behavior. | The symptoms of [[combat stress reaction]] can be physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral. Physical symptoms can include fatigue, trembling, vomiting, dizziness, and increased heart rate. Mental and emotional symptoms can include confusion, nightmares, hyper-vigilance, and emotional numbness. Behavioral symptoms can include withdrawal, avoidance, irritability, and changes in performance or behavior. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for [[combat stress reaction]] typically involves removing the individual from the combat situation and providing rest and recuperation. In some cases, medication may be used to help manage symptoms. Psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy, may also be beneficial. | Treatment for [[combat stress reaction]] typically involves removing the individual from the combat situation and providing rest and recuperation. In some cases, medication may be used to help manage symptoms. Psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy, may also be beneficial. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Post-traumatic stress disorder]] | * [[Post-traumatic stress disorder]] | ||
* [[Acute stress reaction]] | * [[Acute stress reaction]] | ||
* [[War neurosis]] | * [[War neurosis]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Military medicine]] | [[Category:Military medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Stress (biological and psychological)]] | [[Category:Stress (biological and psychological)]] | ||
| Line 23: | Line 36: | ||
{{military-stub}} | {{military-stub}} | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
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| Combat stress reaction | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Battle fatigue, combat fatigue, shell shock |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fatigue, slowness, difficulty concentrating, confusion, disorientation, nausea, vomiting, headache, loss of appetite, insomnia, nightmares, anxiety, depression, irritability |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | During or shortly after combat |
| Duration | Short-term, typically resolves within days to weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Exposure to combat, psychological stress |
| Risks | Prolonged exposure to combat, lack of sleep, poor nutrition, previous mental health issues |
| Diagnosis | Based on clinical assessment |
| Differential diagnosis | Post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Rest, psychological support, counseling, medication if necessary |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with appropriate treatment |
| Frequency | Common among combat troops |
| Deaths | N/A |
Combat Stress Reaction (CSR), also known as battle fatigue or shell shock, is a range of behaviors resulting from the stress of battle that decrease the combatant's fighting efficiency. The condition is a short-term acute stress reaction that is immediate and normal response to extreme stress.
History[edit]
The term combat stress reaction was first used in the World War II to describe soldiers' responses to the intense stress of battle. It was recognized that soldiers who had been in combat for extended periods of time exhibited a range of behaviors that were not present before the combat experience. These behaviors included fatigue, slow reaction times, indecision, disconnection from one's surroundings, and inability to prioritize tasks.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of combat stress reaction can be physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral. Physical symptoms can include fatigue, trembling, vomiting, dizziness, and increased heart rate. Mental and emotional symptoms can include confusion, nightmares, hyper-vigilance, and emotional numbness. Behavioral symptoms can include withdrawal, avoidance, irritability, and changes in performance or behavior.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for combat stress reaction typically involves removing the individual from the combat situation and providing rest and recuperation. In some cases, medication may be used to help manage symptoms. Psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy, may also be beneficial.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
