Idose: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:26, 13 February 2025

Idose[edit]

Idose is a monosaccharide and an aldohexose sugar. It is one of the eight aldohexose stereoisomers and is classified as a rare sugar. Idose is not commonly found in nature but is an important component in the structure of certain glycosaminoglycans, such as dermatan sulfate.

Structure[edit]

Idose has the chemical formula C_H__O_. It contains six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. The structure of idose is characterized by the presence of an aldehyde group at the first carbon (C1) and hydroxyl groups attached to the other carbon atoms. The specific configuration of the hydroxyl groups distinguishes idose from other aldohexoses.

Stereochemistry[edit]

Idose has four chiral centers, which means it can exist in multiple stereoisomeric forms. The D- and L- forms of idose are enantiomers, meaning they are mirror images of each other. The D-form is the one most commonly referenced in biochemical contexts.

Biological Role[edit]

Idose is not typically found in free form in nature. However, it is a component of certain glycosaminoglycans, which are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units. In particular, idose is found in dermatan sulfate, where it alternates with N-acetylgalactosamine in the polysaccharide chain.

Synthesis[edit]

Idose can be synthesized in the laboratory through the epimerization of D-glucose or D-galactose. This process involves the alteration of the configuration of the hydroxyl group at the C5 position to produce idose.

Applications[edit]

While idose itself is not widely used in industrial applications, its derivatives and related compounds are of interest in the field of biochemistry and pharmacology. The study of idose and its derivatives can provide insights into the structure and function of glycosaminoglycans and their role in biological processes.

Related pages[edit]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{png-image}}
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Idose}}
-'''Idose''' is a [[hexose]], a type of [[monosaccharide]] with six carbon atoms. It is an aldohexose, meaning it contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) at one end of the molecule. In its structure, idose contains four [[chirality|chiral centers]], leading to several possible [[stereoisomer]]s. Among these, the most notable forms are D-idose and L-idose, which are mirror images of each other. Idose is not as prevalent in nature as some other sugars, such as [[glucose]] or [[fructose]], and it is not considered a major dietary sugar.
-The significance of idose in [[biochemistry]] and [[nutrition]] is relatively minor compared to more common sugars. However, it can be of interest in certain [[research]] areas, including the study of carbohydrate metabolism and the synthesis of complex [[oligosaccharides]] and [[glycoconjugates]]. These compounds play critical roles in various biological processes, including [[cell signaling]], [[immunology]], and the development of certain diseases.
+== Idose ==
+[[File:Idose.png|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Idose]]
+'''Idose''' is a [[monosaccharide]] and an [[aldohexose]] sugar. It is one of the eight [[aldohexose]] stereoisomers and is classified as a rare sugar. Idose is not commonly found in nature but is an important component in the structure of certain [[glycosaminoglycans]], such as [[dermatan sulfate]].
-In the laboratory, idose can be synthesized or converted from other sugars through chemical reactions, making it accessible for experimental purposes. Its derivatives and analogs may be used in the synthesis of potentially bioactive compounds or for the modification of natural products with the aim of enhancing their biological activity or solubility.
+== Structure ==
+Idose has the chemical formula C_H__O_. It contains six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. The structure of idose is characterized by the presence of an aldehyde group at the first carbon (C1) and hydroxyl groups attached to the other carbon atoms. The specific configuration of the hydroxyl groups distinguishes idose from other aldohexoses.
-Despite its limited occurrence in nature and minor role in human nutrition, the study of idose and its derivatives can contribute to the broader understanding of carbohydrate chemistry and its implications for biology and medicine.
+== Stereochemistry ==
+Idose has four chiral centers, which means it can exist in multiple stereoisomeric forms. The D- and L- forms of idose are enantiomers, meaning they are mirror images of each other. The D-form is the one most commonly referenced in biochemical contexts.
+== Biological Role ==
+Idose is not typically found in free form in nature. However, it is a component of certain [[glycosaminoglycans]], which are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units. In particular, idose is found in [[dermatan sulfate]], where it alternates with [[N-acetylgalactosamine]] in the polysaccharide chain.
+== Synthesis ==
+Idose can be synthesized in the laboratory through the epimerization of [[D-glucose]] or [[D-galactose]]. This process involves the alteration of the configuration of the hydroxyl group at the C5 position to produce idose.
+== Applications ==
+While idose itself is not widely used in industrial applications, its derivatives and related compounds are of interest in the field of [[biochemistry]] and [[pharmacology]]. The study of idose and its derivatives can provide insights into the structure and function of glycosaminoglycans and their role in biological processes.
+== Related pages ==
+* [[Monosaccharide]]
+* [[Aldohexose]]
+* [[Glycosaminoglycan]]
+* [[Dermatan sulfate]]
+* [[Stereochemistry]]
 [[Category:Monosaccharides]]
-[[Category:Aldohexoses]]
-{{chemistry-stub}}