Nitroso

Nitroso compounds are organic compounds that contain the nitroso functional group, R−N=O. They are often colored and are used in the rubber industry. Nitroso compounds can be prepared in the laboratory by reduction of nitro compounds or by oxidation of hydroxylamines.

Structure and bonding

Nitroso compounds are a class of organic compounds containing the functional group R−N=O, with R referring to an organic group. The nitrogen atom is typically sp2 hybridized, the N−O bond is polar, and the compounds are often colored. The R group can be an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a hydrogen atom.

Synthesis

Nitroso compounds can be synthesized in the laboratory by the reduction of nitro compounds or by the oxidation of hydroxylamines. They can also be formed by the action of nitrous acid on secondary amines.

Uses

Nitroso compounds are used in the rubber industry as accelerators in the vulcanization process. They are also used in the production of certain dyes and as intermediates in organic synthesis.

Health effects

Exposure to nitroso compounds can cause a variety of health effects, including respiratory irritation, skin and eye irritation, and in severe cases, methemoglobinemia, a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.

See also

• Nitro compound
• Functional group
• Hydroxylamine
• Methemoglobinemia

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