Parathyroidectomy: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:15, 16 February 2025

Surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands

Parathyroidectomy[edit]

Parathyroid adenoma, a common indication for parathyroidectomy

A parathyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or more of the parathyroid glands. These glands are responsible for regulating the body's calcium levels through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The procedure is commonly performed to treat conditions such as primary hyperparathyroidism, where there is excessive production of PTH, leading to elevated calcium levels in the blood.

Indications[edit]

Parathyroidectomy is primarily indicated for:

Surgical Techniques[edit]

There are several techniques for performing a parathyroidectomy, including:

Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy[edit]

This technique involves a small incision and is guided by preoperative imaging and intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring. It is less invasive and has a quicker recovery time compared to traditional methods.

Bilateral Neck Exploration[edit]

This traditional approach involves a larger incision and exploration of both sides of the neck to identify and remove the abnormal parathyroid gland(s).

Postoperative Care[edit]

After a parathyroidectomy, patients are monitored for hypocalcemia, a condition where calcium levels drop too low. Symptoms of hypocalcemia include numbness, tingling, and muscle cramps. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be prescribed to manage these symptoms.

Complications[edit]

Potential complications of parathyroidectomy include:

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis after parathyroidectomy is generally excellent, with most patients experiencing relief from symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and normalization of calcium levels.

Related pages[edit]

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-'''Parathyroidectomy''' is a surgical procedure involving the removal of one or more [[parathyroid glands]]. These glands are small endocrine glands located in the neck that produce [[parathyroid hormone]]. This hormone plays a key role in regulating the body's levels of [[calcium]] and [[phosphorus]].
+{{Short description|Surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands}}
+== Parathyroidectomy ==
+[[File:Parathyreoidea_Adenom_I.jpg|thumb|right|Parathyroid adenoma, a common indication for parathyroidectomy]]
+A '''parathyroidectomy''' is a surgical procedure to remove one or more of the [[parathyroid glands]]. These glands are responsible for regulating the body's [[calcium]] levels through the secretion of [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH). The procedure is commonly performed to treat conditions such as [[primary hyperparathyroidism]], where there is excessive production of PTH, leading to elevated calcium levels in the blood.
 == Indications ==
-Parathyroidectomy is typically indicated for patients with [[hyperparathyroidism]], a condition characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone, leading to elevated blood calcium levels. This can result in a variety of symptoms, including [[kidney stones]], [[osteoporosis]], [[peptic ulcers]], and [[pancreatitis]]. Other indications for parathyroidectomy include parathyroid [[cancer]] and [[adenoma]], a benign tumor of the parathyroid gland.
+Parathyroidectomy is primarily indicated for:
+* [[Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
+* [[Secondary hyperparathyroidism]]
+* [[Tertiary hyperparathyroidism]]
+* Parathyroid [[adenoma]]
+* Parathyroid [[carcinoma]]
-== Procedure ==
+== Surgical Techniques ==
-The procedure is performed under [[general anesthesia]]. The surgeon makes an incision in the neck and locates the parathyroid glands. The diseased gland(s) are then removed. In some cases, a portion of a gland may be left in place to preserve some parathyroid function. The incision is then closed with sutures.
+There are several techniques for performing a parathyroidectomy, including:
-== Risks and complications ==
+=== Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy ===
-As with any surgical procedure, parathyroidectomy carries risks, including infection, bleeding, and damage to surrounding structures. Specific to this procedure, there is a risk of damage to the [[recurrent laryngeal nerve]], which can result in hoarseness or voice changes. There is also a risk of [[hypoparathyroidism]], a condition characterized by insufficient production of parathyroid hormone, leading to low blood calcium levels.
+This technique involves a small incision and is guided by preoperative imaging and intraoperative [[parathyroid hormone]] monitoring. It is less invasive and has a quicker recovery time compared to traditional methods.
-== Postoperative care ==
+=== Bilateral Neck Exploration ===
-Following surgery, patients are monitored for signs of hypocalcemia, such as tingling in the lips, fingers, and toes. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be prescribed to help maintain normal blood calcium levels. Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the patient's recovery and calcium levels.
+This traditional approach involves a larger incision and exploration of both sides of the neck to identify and remove the abnormal parathyroid gland(s).
-== See also ==
+== Postoperative Care ==
-* [[Endocrine system]]
+After a parathyroidectomy, patients are monitored for [[hypocalcemia]], a condition where calcium levels drop too low. Symptoms of hypocalcemia include [[numbness]], [[tingling]], and [[muscle cramps]]. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be prescribed to manage these symptoms.
-* [[Endocrine surgery]]
-* [[Hypercalcemia]]
+== Complications ==
+Potential complications of parathyroidectomy include:
 * [[Hypocalcemia]]
+* [[Recurrent laryngeal nerve]] injury
+* [[Hematoma]]
+* [[Infection]]
+== Prognosis ==
+The prognosis after parathyroidectomy is generally excellent, with most patients experiencing relief from symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and normalization of calcium levels.
-[[Category:Surgical procedures]]
+== Related pages ==
-[[Category:Endocrine procedures]]
+* [[Parathyroid gland]]
-[[Category:Endocrine system]]
+* [[Hyperparathyroidism]]
+* [[Calcium metabolism]]
-{{stub}}
+[[Category:Endocrine surgery]]
+[[Category:Parathyroid disorders]]