East: Difference between revisions

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'''East Syndrome''' is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: epilepsy, ataxia, and sensorineural hearing loss. The syndrome is also known as '''Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural deafness, and Tubulopathy''' (EAST). It is caused by mutations in the KCNJ10 gene, which encodes a potassium channel protein expressed in the brain, inner ear, and kidney.
== East ==


== Symptoms and Signs ==
[[File:Compass_Rose_English_East.svg|thumb|right|A compass rose showing the direction East]]
The most common symptoms of East Syndrome include:


* '''[[Epilepsy]]''': Seizures often begin in infancy and can be resistant to treatment. They can be generalized or focal, and may include infantile spasms.
'''East''' is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite of [[west]] and is perpendicular to [[north]] and [[south]].
* '''[[Ataxia]]''': Problems with balance and coordination can lead to difficulty walking.
* '''[[Sensorineural hearing loss]]''': This type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or nerve pathways from the ear to the brain.
* '''[[Tubulopathy]]''': This refers to dysfunction of the tubules in the kidneys, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances and other problems.


== Causes ==
In terms of [[geography]], east is the direction toward which the Earth rotates about its axis, and therefore the direction from which the [[Sun]] rises in the morning. This is why east is often associated with beginnings and newness.
East Syndrome is caused by mutations in the '''[[KCNJ10]]''' gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that forms a channel for potassium ions to pass through cell membranes. The protein is found in the brain, inner ear, and kidneys, which explains the symptoms of the syndrome.


== Diagnosis ==
== Etymology ==
Diagnosis of East Syndrome is based on the presence of the characteristic triad of symptoms and confirmed by genetic testing showing a mutation in the KCNJ10 gene.
The word "east" comes from the [[Old English]] word "_ast," which is derived from the Proto-Germanic "austra-" and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root "aus-" meaning "to shine" or "dawn." This reflects the association of east with the sunrise.


== Treatment ==
== Cultural Significance ==
Treatment of East Syndrome is symptomatic and supportive. Seizures may be treated with antiepileptic drugs, and hearing aids may be used for sensorineural hearing loss. Physical therapy can help with ataxia, and electrolyte imbalances can be managed with medication.
In many cultures, east holds significant symbolic meaning. For example, in [[Chinese culture]], the east is associated with the element of [[wood]] and the color green. It is also considered a direction of auspiciousness and growth.


== Prognosis ==
In [[Western culture]], the east is often associated with the idea of enlightenment and knowledge, as it is the direction of the rising sun, symbolizing the dawn of understanding.
The prognosis for individuals with East Syndrome varies. Some individuals may have a normal lifespan with appropriate management of symptoms, while others may have a shortened lifespan due to complications of the disease.


== See Also ==
== Navigation ==
* [[Epilepsy]]
[[File:Compass_Rose_English_East.svg|thumb|left|A detailed compass rose indicating east]]
* [[Ataxia]]
* [[Sensorineural hearing loss]]
* [[Tubulopathy]]
* [[KCNJ10]]


[[Category:Genetic disorders]]
In navigation, east is used as a reference point for determining direction. On a standard compass, east is at 90 degrees. Navigators use the cardinal directions, including east, to chart courses and determine bearings.
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
[[Category:Syndromes]]
[[Category:Epilepsy]]
[[Category:Ataxia]]
[[Category:Sensorineural hearing loss]]
[[Category:Tubulopathy]]


{{stub}}
== Astronomy ==
{{dictionary-stub1}}
In [[astronomy]], east is the direction from which celestial objects such as the [[Sun]], [[Moon]], and [[stars]] appear to rise due to the rotation of the Earth. Observing the movement of these objects from east to west across the sky is fundamental to understanding the Earth's rotation and the concept of time.
 
== Related pages ==
* [[West]]
* [[North]]
* [[South]]
* [[Compass]]
* [[Cardinal direction]]
 
[[Category:Cardinal directions]]

Latest revision as of 12:09, 15 February 2025

East[edit]

File:Compass Rose English East.svg
A compass rose showing the direction East

East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite of west and is perpendicular to north and south.

In terms of geography, east is the direction toward which the Earth rotates about its axis, and therefore the direction from which the Sun rises in the morning. This is why east is often associated with beginnings and newness.

Etymology[edit]

The word "east" comes from the Old English word "_ast," which is derived from the Proto-Germanic "austra-" and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root "aus-" meaning "to shine" or "dawn." This reflects the association of east with the sunrise.

Cultural Significance[edit]

In many cultures, east holds significant symbolic meaning. For example, in Chinese culture, the east is associated with the element of wood and the color green. It is also considered a direction of auspiciousness and growth.

In Western culture, the east is often associated with the idea of enlightenment and knowledge, as it is the direction of the rising sun, symbolizing the dawn of understanding.

Navigation[edit]

File:Compass Rose English East.svg
A detailed compass rose indicating east

In navigation, east is used as a reference point for determining direction. On a standard compass, east is at 90 degrees. Navigators use the cardinal directions, including east, to chart courses and determine bearings.

Astronomy[edit]

In astronomy, east is the direction from which celestial objects such as the Sun, Moon, and stars appear to rise due to the rotation of the Earth. Observing the movement of these objects from east to west across the sky is fundamental to understanding the Earth's rotation and the concept of time.

Related pages[edit]