Hangman's fracture: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:00, 20 February 2025

Hangman's fracture is a specific type of cervical fracture that involves the second cervical vertebra (C2). It is a serious injury that can lead to severe neurological complications or death. The fracture is named after the method of execution by hanging, as the mechanism of injury is similar.

Causes

Hangman's fractures are typically caused by extreme hyperextension of the neck, often as a result of high-speed motor vehicle accidents or falls from a significant height. They can also occur as a result of attempted suicide by hanging, although this is less common.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a hangman's fracture can vary depending on the severity of the injury. They may include:

Severe neck pain
Difficulty moving the neck
Difficulty swallowing or speaking
Numbness or weakness in the limbs

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a hangman's fracture typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs. The fracture is characterized by a break in the pars interarticularis of C2 on both sides.

Treatment

Treatment for a hangman's fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. It may involve:

Immobilization with a cervical collar or halo vest
Pain management with medications
Surgery to stabilize the spine

Prognosis

The prognosis for a hangman's fracture depends on the severity of the injury and the patient's overall health. With appropriate treatment, some patients may make a full recovery. However, severe fractures can result in long-term complications such as chronic pain, difficulty swallowing or speaking, and neurological problems.