CMF (chemotherapy): Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:14, 22 March 2025

Chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer

CMF Chemotherapy[edit]

CMF is a chemotherapy regimen used primarily in the treatment of breast cancer. The acronym CMF stands for the combination of three drugs: Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Fluorouracil. This regimen is one of the oldest and most established chemotherapy treatments for breast cancer.

Components of CMF[edit]

Cyclophosphamide[edit]

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that works by interfering with the replication of DNA in cancer cells, thereby preventing their growth and division. It is used in various chemotherapy regimens due to its effectiveness in targeting rapidly dividing cells.

Methotrexate[edit]

Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug. It inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is necessary for the synthesis of nucleotides required for DNA replication. By blocking this enzyme, methotrexate disrupts the growth of cancer cells.

Fluorouracil[edit]

Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analog that interferes with the synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA. It is incorporated into the RNA of cancer cells, disrupting their function and leading to cell death.

Administration[edit]

The CMF regimen is typically administered in cycles, with each cycle lasting about 28 days. The specific schedule and dosage may vary depending on the patient's condition and the treating physician's protocol. Generally, cyclophosphamide is given orally or intravenously, while methotrexate and fluorouracil are administered intravenously.

Indications[edit]

CMF is primarily indicated for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women. It may be used as an adjuvant therapy following surgery to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. CMF can also be considered for patients who cannot tolerate more aggressive chemotherapy regimens.

Side Effects[edit]

Like all chemotherapy treatments, CMF is associated with a range of side effects. Common side effects include:

Nausea and vomiting
Hair loss
Fatigue
Mouth sores
Low blood cell counts, leading to increased risk of infection

Patients receiving CMF are closely monitored for these side effects, and supportive care measures are implemented to manage them.

Efficacy[edit]

CMF has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of breast cancer recurrence and improving survival rates in certain patient populations. However, newer chemotherapy regimens and targeted therapies have been developed, offering additional options for treatment.

Related pages[edit]

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-{{Infobox medical intervention
+{{Short description|Chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer}}
-| name         = CMF
-| synonym      =
-| image        =
-| caption      =
-| alt          =
-| pronounce    =
-| specialty    = oncology
-| synonyms     =
-| ICD10        =
-| ICD9         =
-| ICD9unlinked =
-| CPT          =
-| MeshID       =
-| LOINC        =
-| other_codes  =
-| MedlinePlus  =
-| eMedicine    =
-}}
-'''Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate Fluorouracil (CMF)''' is a commonly used [[Chemotherapy regimens|regimen]] of [[breast cancer chemotherapy]] that combines three anti-cancer agents: [[cyclophosphamide]], [[methotrexate]], and [[Fluorouracil|5-fluorouracil]] (5-FU).<ref name="pmid18306034">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kimmick GG, Cirrincione C, Duggan DB |title=Fifteen-year median follow-up results after neoadjuvant doxorubicin, followed by mastectomy, followed by adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) followed by radiation for stage III breast cancer: a phase II trial (CALGB 8944) |journal=[[Breast Cancer Res. Treat.]] |volume= 113|issue= 3|pages= 479–90|year=2008 |pmid=18306034 |doi=10.1007/s10549-008-9943-2|display-authors=etal|pmc=4217205}}</ref>
-While it is no longer considered the most efficient all-around chemotherapy, it retains a great importance in the treatment of elderly patients with luminal cancers and may become important for the treatment of [[estrogen receptor]] negative [[androgen receptor]] positive luminal ([[GATA3]] expressing) breast cancer.
+== CMF Chemotherapy ==
-The regimen was designed in order to mimic the highly successful regimen developed to treat [[Hodgkin's lymphoma]].<ref name="classic">{{cite journal |vauthors= Ferreira Filho AF, Di Leo A, Paesmans M |title= The feasibility of classical cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (CMF) for pre- and post-menopausal node-positive breast cancer patients in a Belgian multicentric trial: a study of consistency in relative dose intensity (RDI) and cumulative doses across institutions |journal=Annals of Oncology |volume= 13 |issue= 3|pages= 416–421|year=2002 |url=http://annonc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/13/3/416 |pmid= 11996473 |doi= 10.1093/annonc/mdf051|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
+'''CMF''' is a chemotherapy regimen used primarily in the treatment of [[breast cancer]]. The acronym CMF stands for the combination of three drugs: [[Cyclophosphamide]], [[Methotrexate]], and [[Fluorouracil]]. This regimen is one of the oldest and most established chemotherapy treatments for breast cancer.
-==Treatment==
+== Components of CMF ==
-The treatment is administrated over a four-week cycle. On days 1 and 8 methotraxate and 5-FU are given as injections. Cyclophosphamide may be also administered intravenously in conjunction with these drugs, or may be taken as an oral tablet, taken once each day for the first 14 days of each cycle.<ref name=breakthrough>{{cite web
-| url         = http://www.breakthrough.org.uk/about_breast_cancer/treatment/drug_therapy/chemotherapy/cmf.html
-| title         = CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil)
-| accessdate         = 2008-10-13
-| publisher         = Breakthrough Breast Cancer
-| location         = UK
-| deadurl         = yes
-| archiveurl         = https://web.archive.org/web/20090106145924/http://www.breakthrough.org.uk/about_breast_cancer/treatment/drug_therapy/chemotherapy/cmf.html
-| archivedate         = 2009-01-06
-| df         =
-}} </ref>
-==Side effects==
+=== Cyclophosphamide ===
-Side effects of CMF treatment include:<ref name=breakthrough/>
+[[Cyclophosphamide]] is an [[alkylating agent]] that works by interfering with the replication of [[DNA]] in cancer cells, thereby preventing their growth and division. It is used in various chemotherapy regimens due to its effectiveness in targeting rapidly dividing cells.
-{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
-* [[Nausea]]
-* [[Fatigue (medical)|Tiredness]]
-* [[Mouth ulcer]]s
-* [[Infection]]s
-* [[Diarrhea]]
-* [[Alopecia|Hair loss]]
-* [[Female infertility|Loss of fertility]]
-{{div col end}}
-==References==
+=== Methotrexate ===
-{{reflist}}
+[[Methotrexate]] is an [[antimetabolite]] and [[antifolate]] drug. It inhibits the enzyme [[dihydrofolate reductase]], which is necessary for the synthesis of [[nucleotides]] required for DNA replication. By blocking this enzyme, methotrexate disrupts the growth of cancer cells.
-[[Category:Chemotherapy regimens used in breast cancer]]
+=== Fluorouracil ===
+[[Fluorouracil]] (5-FU) is a [[pyrimidine analog]] that interferes with the synthesis of [[thymidylate]], an essential component of DNA. It is incorporated into the RNA of cancer cells, disrupting their function and leading to cell death.
+== Administration ==
+The CMF regimen is typically administered in cycles, with each cycle lasting about 28 days. The specific schedule and dosage may vary depending on the patient's condition and the treating physician's protocol. Generally, cyclophosphamide is given orally or intravenously, while methotrexate and fluorouracil are administered intravenously.
-{{oncology-stub}}
+== Indications ==
-{{dictionary-stub1}}
+CMF is primarily indicated for the treatment of early-stage [[breast cancer]], particularly in postmenopausal women. It may be used as an adjuvant therapy following [[surgery]] to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. CMF can also be considered for patients who cannot tolerate more aggressive chemotherapy regimens.
-{{No image}}
+== Side Effects ==
+Like all chemotherapy treatments, CMF is associated with a range of side effects. Common side effects include:
+* [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
+* [[Hair loss]]
+* [[Fatigue]]
+* [[Mouth sores]]
+* [[Low blood cell counts]], leading to increased risk of [[infection]]
+Patients receiving CMF are closely monitored for these side effects, and supportive care measures are implemented to manage them.
+== Efficacy ==
+CMF has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of breast cancer recurrence and improving survival rates in certain patient populations. However, newer chemotherapy regimens and targeted therapies have been developed, offering additional options for treatment.
+== Related pages ==
+* [[Breast cancer]]
+* [[Chemotherapy]]
+* [[Adjuvant therapy]]
+* [[Cancer treatment]]
+[[Category:Chemotherapy regimens]]
+[[Category:Breast cancer treatments]]