Syringobulbia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Syringobulbia | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| image = | |||
| caption = | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Dysphagia]], [[dysarthria]], [[nystagmus]], [[tongue atrophy]], [[facial pain]] | |||
| complications = [[Respiratory failure]], [[aspiration pneumonia]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Arnold–Chiari malformation]], [[trauma]], [[tumors]], [[inflammation]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[brainstem glioma]], [[amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical decompression]], [[shunt]] placement | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on underlying cause and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Sublingual administration''' is a method of [[drug administration]] where the drug is placed under the tongue and is absorbed by the body through the [[mucous membrane]]. This method is often used for drugs that are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and have a rapid onset of action. | '''Sublingual administration''' is a method of [[drug administration]] where the drug is placed under the tongue and is absorbed by the body through the [[mucous membrane]]. This method is often used for drugs that are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and have a rapid onset of action. | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Sublingual administration is a common route of administration for many cardiovascular drugs, steroids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, opioid analgesics, enzymes and increasingly, vitamins and minerals. This method of administration has some distinct advantages over other forms of drug administration. | Sublingual administration is a common route of administration for many cardiovascular drugs, steroids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, opioid analgesics, enzymes and increasingly, vitamins and minerals. This method of administration has some distinct advantages over other forms of drug administration. | ||
== Advantages == | == Advantages == | ||
The main advantages of sublingual administration are its speed and efficiency. The drug is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and has a fast onset of action. It also bypasses the [[first-pass metabolism]] which can often degrade the drug or reduce its activity. | The main advantages of sublingual administration are its speed and efficiency. The drug is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and has a fast onset of action. It also bypasses the [[first-pass metabolism]] which can often degrade the drug or reduce its activity. | ||
== Disadvantages == | == Disadvantages == | ||
The main disadvantage of sublingual administration is that it can cause irritation to the mucous membrane under the tongue. This can be uncomfortable for the patient and may discourage them from using this method of administration. | The main disadvantage of sublingual administration is that it can cause irritation to the mucous membrane under the tongue. This can be uncomfortable for the patient and may discourage them from using this method of administration. | ||
== Drugs commonly administered sublingually == | == Drugs commonly administered sublingually == | ||
Some of the drugs that are commonly administered sublingually include [[Nitroglycerin]] (for angina), [[Buprenorphine]] (for opioid dependence), and [[Lorazepam]] (for anxiety disorders). | Some of the drugs that are commonly administered sublingually include [[Nitroglycerin]] (for angina), [[Buprenorphine]] (for opioid dependence), and [[Lorazepam]] (for anxiety disorders). | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Oral administration]] | * [[Oral administration]] | ||
* [[Intravenous administration]] | * [[Intravenous administration]] | ||
* [[Intramuscular administration]] | * [[Intramuscular administration]] | ||
* [[Rectal administration]] | * [[Rectal administration]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Drug administration]] | [[Category:Drug administration]] | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
[[Category:Medical terminology]] | [[Category:Medical terminology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:35, 4 April 2025
| Syringobulbia | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Dysphagia, dysarthria, nystagmus, tongue atrophy, facial pain |
| Complications | Respiratory failure, aspiration pneumonia |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Arnold–Chiari malformation, trauma, tumors, inflammation |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Multiple sclerosis, brainstem glioma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Surgical decompression, shunt placement |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on underlying cause and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | |
Sublingual administration is a method of drug administration where the drug is placed under the tongue and is absorbed by the body through the mucous membrane. This method is often used for drugs that are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and have a rapid onset of action.
Overview[edit]
Sublingual administration is a common route of administration for many cardiovascular drugs, steroids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, opioid analgesics, enzymes and increasingly, vitamins and minerals. This method of administration has some distinct advantages over other forms of drug administration.
Advantages[edit]
The main advantages of sublingual administration are its speed and efficiency. The drug is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and has a fast onset of action. It also bypasses the first-pass metabolism which can often degrade the drug or reduce its activity.
Disadvantages[edit]
The main disadvantage of sublingual administration is that it can cause irritation to the mucous membrane under the tongue. This can be uncomfortable for the patient and may discourage them from using this method of administration.
Drugs commonly administered sublingually[edit]
Some of the drugs that are commonly administered sublingually include Nitroglycerin (for angina), Buprenorphine (for opioid dependence), and Lorazepam (for anxiety disorders).
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
