Fluid retention

Fluid retention, also known as edema, is a medical condition characterized by an excessive build-up of fluid in the body's tissues. This can occur in specific parts of the body, such as the legs, or it can be more generalized. Fluid retention is often a symptom of an underlying health issue, such as heart disease, kidney disease, or cirrhosis of the liver.

Causes

Fluid retention can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:

• High sodium intake: Consuming too much salt can lead to fluid retention, as the body needs to keep its sodium-to-water ratio balanced.
• Hormonal changes: Hormones such as estrogen and progesterone can cause fluid retention. This is why some women experience bloating and swelling during their menstrual cycle.
• Medications: Certain drugs, including high blood pressure medications, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, can cause fluid retention.
• Pregnancy: Fluid retention is common during pregnancy due to increased blood flow and hormonal changes.
• Underlying medical conditions: Conditions such as heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, and chronic lung disease can cause fluid retention.

Symptoms

Symptoms of fluid retention can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. They may include:

• Swelling in the affected areas
• Stiffness or aching in the affected areas
• Weight gain
• Changes in skin color or texture
• Difficulty moving the affected areas

Treatment

Treatment for fluid retention depends on the underlying cause. It may include:

• Diuretics: These medications help the body get rid of excess fluid by increasing urine production.
• Dietary changes: Reducing salt intake and eating a balanced diet can help reduce fluid retention.
• Exercise: Regular physical activity can help reduce fluid build-up.
• Compression stockings: These can help reduce swelling in the legs.

See also

• Water retention (medicine)
• Lymphedema
• Ascites

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