Optic neuropathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Optic neuropathy | |||
| image = [[File:Nervous_and_mental_diseases_(1919)_(14758466766).jpg|250px]] | |||
| image_size = 250px | |||
| alt = | |||
| caption = Illustration of optic nerve damage | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]], [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Vision loss]], [[color vision]] deficits | |||
| complications = [[Blindness]], [[visual field]] defects | |||
| onset = Sudden or gradual | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Ischemia]], [[inflammation]], [[toxins]], [[genetic disorders]] | |||
| risks = [[Smoking]], [[diabetes]], [[hypertension]], [[genetic predisposition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ophthalmic examination]], [[visual field test]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Glaucoma]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[retinal detachment]] | |||
| treatment = Depends on cause; may include [[corticosteroids]], [[vitamin B12]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies; some cases may lead to permanent vision loss | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Optic neuropathy''' refers to damage to the [[optic nerve]] that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage can result in vision loss, which can be temporary or permanent, depending on the severity and cause of the neuropathy. | '''Optic neuropathy''' refers to damage to the [[optic nerve]] that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage can result in vision loss, which can be temporary or permanent, depending on the severity and cause of the neuropathy. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Optic neuropathy can be caused by a variety of conditions, including [[glaucoma]], [[ischemia]], [[optic neuritis]], [[toxicity]], [[trauma]], and [[nutritional deficiencies]]. | Optic neuropathy can be caused by a variety of conditions, including [[glaucoma]], [[ischemia]], [[optic neuritis]], [[toxicity]], [[trauma]], and [[nutritional deficiencies]]. | ||
=== Glaucoma === | === Glaucoma === | ||
[[Glaucoma]] is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve due to increased pressure in the eye. This can lead to optic neuropathy and vision loss if not treated promptly. | [[Glaucoma]] is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve due to increased pressure in the eye. This can lead to optic neuropathy and vision loss if not treated promptly. | ||
=== Ischemia === | === Ischemia === | ||
[[Ischemia]] refers to a lack of blood supply to a part of the body, which can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | [[Ischemia]] refers to a lack of blood supply to a part of the body, which can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | ||
=== Optic Neuritis === | === Optic Neuritis === | ||
[[Optic neuritis]] is an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause optic neuropathy. This condition is often associated with [[multiple sclerosis]]. | [[Optic neuritis]] is an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause optic neuropathy. This condition is often associated with [[multiple sclerosis]]. | ||
=== Toxicity === | === Toxicity === | ||
Certain toxins and drugs can cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to optic neuropathy. These include [[ethambutol]], [[methanol]], and [[tobacco]]. | Certain toxins and drugs can cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to optic neuropathy. These include [[ethambutol]], [[methanol]], and [[tobacco]]. | ||
=== Trauma === | === Trauma === | ||
Physical trauma to the eye or head can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | Physical trauma to the eye or head can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | ||
=== Nutritional Deficiencies === | === Nutritional Deficiencies === | ||
Certain nutritional deficiencies, particularly of [[vitamin B12]] and [[folic acid]], can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | Certain nutritional deficiencies, particularly of [[vitamin B12]] and [[folic acid]], can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of optic neuropathy can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. They may include: | The symptoms of optic neuropathy can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. They may include: | ||
* Blurred or fuzzy vision | * Blurred or fuzzy vision | ||
* Difficulty seeing in low light | * Difficulty seeing in low light | ||
| Line 38: | Line 41: | ||
* Pain in the eye | * Pain in the eye | ||
* Sudden loss of vision in one eye | * Sudden loss of vision in one eye | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for optic neuropathy depends on the underlying cause of the condition. This may include medication, surgery, or other treatments to address the specific cause of the neuropathy. | Treatment for optic neuropathy depends on the underlying cause of the condition. This may include medication, surgery, or other treatments to address the specific cause of the neuropathy. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Optic nerve]] | * [[Optic nerve]] | ||
* [[Glaucoma]] | * [[Glaucoma]] | ||
| Line 55: | Line 54: | ||
* [[Vitamin B12]] | * [[Vitamin B12]] | ||
* [[Folic acid]] | * [[Folic acid]] | ||
[[Category:Eye diseases]] | [[Category:Eye diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Optic nerve]] | [[Category:Optic nerve]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:21, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Optic neuropathy | |
|---|---|
_(14758466766).jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vision loss, color vision deficits |
| Complications | Blindness, visual field defects |
| Onset | Sudden or gradual |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Ischemia, inflammation, toxins, genetic disorders |
| Risks | Smoking, diabetes, hypertension, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Ophthalmic examination, visual field test, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, retinal detachment |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Depends on cause; may include corticosteroids, vitamin B12 |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies; some cases may lead to permanent vision loss |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Optic neuropathy refers to damage to the optic nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage can result in vision loss, which can be temporary or permanent, depending on the severity and cause of the neuropathy.
Causes[edit]
Optic neuropathy can be caused by a variety of conditions, including glaucoma, ischemia, optic neuritis, toxicity, trauma, and nutritional deficiencies.
Glaucoma[edit]
Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve due to increased pressure in the eye. This can lead to optic neuropathy and vision loss if not treated promptly.
Ischemia[edit]
Ischemia refers to a lack of blood supply to a part of the body, which can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy.
Optic Neuritis[edit]
Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause optic neuropathy. This condition is often associated with multiple sclerosis.
Toxicity[edit]
Certain toxins and drugs can cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to optic neuropathy. These include ethambutol, methanol, and tobacco.
Trauma[edit]
Physical trauma to the eye or head can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy.
Nutritional Deficiencies[edit]
Certain nutritional deficiencies, particularly of vitamin B12 and folic acid, can cause damage to the optic nerve and result in optic neuropathy.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of optic neuropathy can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. They may include:
- Blurred or fuzzy vision
- Difficulty seeing in low light
- Loss of color vision
- Pain in the eye
- Sudden loss of vision in one eye
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for optic neuropathy depends on the underlying cause of the condition. This may include medication, surgery, or other treatments to address the specific cause of the neuropathy.
