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'''Nicolaes Tulp''' (9 October 1593 – 12 September 1674) was a Dutch surgeon and mayor of Amsterdam. Tulp was famously portrayed in the painting "The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp" by Rembrandt. He is also known for his contributions to early medical science and anatomy.
{{short description|Dutch surgeon and mayor of Amsterdam}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}


==Early Life==
'''Nicolaes Tulp''' (9 October 1593 – 12 September 1674) was a prominent Dutch surgeon and civic leader in Amsterdam during the Dutch Golden Age. He is best known for his role in [[Rembrandt]]'s famous painting ''[[The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp]]''.
Nicolaes Tulp was born Claes Pieterszoon in Amsterdam, the son of a prosperous merchant. He changed his name to Nicolaes Tulp, with 'Tulp' meaning tulip in Dutch, a flower that symbolized wealth and prosperity during the Dutch Golden Age.
 
==Early Life and Education==
Nicolaes Tulp was born as Nicolaes Pieterszoon in [[Amsterdam]], [[Dutch Republic]], on 9 October 1593. He was the son of Pieter Dirksz, a prosperous merchant. Tulp studied medicine at the [[University of Leiden]], where he was influenced by the works of [[Hippocrates]] and [[Galen]].


==Medical Career==
==Medical Career==
Tulp began his medical studies in Leiden and completed them in 1614. He quickly gained a reputation as a skilled physician and anatomist. In 1628, he was appointed as the city physician of Amsterdam, a position that allowed him to conduct public dissections in the city's anatomy theater.
[[File:Rembrandt_-_The_Anatomy_Lesson_of_Dr_Nicolaes_Tulp.jpg|The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt|thumb|right]]
After completing his studies, Tulp returned to Amsterdam, where he established a successful medical practice. He became a member of the [[Amsterdam Guild of Surgeons]] in 1619. Tulp was known for his innovative approaches to medicine and his commitment to public health.


===The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp===
In 1632, Tulp gained fame through Rembrandt's painting ''The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp'', which depicted him demonstrating the dissection of a cadaver to a group of surgeons. This painting is celebrated for its realistic portrayal of the human anatomy and its dramatic use of light and shadow.
One of Tulp's public dissections, conducted on January 16, 1632, was immortalized by Rembrandt in his painting "The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp". This work not only showcases Tulp's skill and knowledge as an anatomist but also marks a significant moment in the intersection of art, science, and education during the Dutch Golden Age.


==Contributions to Medicine==
==Civic Leadership==
Tulp is credited with several medical discoveries. He was the first to describe the ileocecal valve, a critical part of human anatomy that connects the small intestine to the large intestine. His observations and findings were published in his book ''Observationes Medicae'' in 1641, which became a valuable resource for physicians and anatomists.
[[File:Amsterdam_-_Waag.jpg|The Waag in Amsterdam|thumb|left]]
Tulp was not only a physician but also a prominent civic leader. He served as a member of the [[Amsterdam City Council]] and was elected as the mayor of Amsterdam four times. His leadership was marked by efforts to improve public health and sanitation in the city.


==Political Career==
==Personal Life==
In addition to his medical career, Tulp had a successful political career in Amsterdam. He served four terms as mayor of Amsterdam, where he was involved in urban planning and public health initiatives. His leadership helped shape the city during a period of significant growth and prosperity.
[[File:Stammbaum_Familie_Tulp.GIF|Family tree of the Tulp family|thumb|right]]
Nicolaes Tulp married Aagje van der Voech in 1617, and the couple had several children. The Tulp family was well-respected in Amsterdam, and their lineage is depicted in the family tree.


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
Nicolaes Tulp's contributions to medicine and public service left a lasting impact on Amsterdam and the field of anatomy. His work in the early modern period helped lay the foundations for future scientific discoveries and medical education.
Tulp's contributions to medicine and public service left a lasting impact on Amsterdam. His work in anatomy and his role in Rembrandt's painting have immortalized him in the history of medicine and art.


==See Also==
==Related Pages==
* [[Rembrandt]]
* [[The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp]]
* [[The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp]]
* [[History of Anatomy]]
* [[Amsterdam Guild of Surgeons]]
* [[Dutch Golden Age]]
 
[[File:Nicolaes_Tulp_1641_3de_capvt_lvi_satyr.JPG|Nicolaes Tulp|thumb|left]]
[[File:Nicolaes_Tulp.JPG|Nicolaes Tulp|thumb|right]]


[[Category:1593 births]]
[[Category:1593 births]]
[[Category:1674 deaths]]
[[Category:1674 deaths]]
[[Category:Dutch anatomists]]
[[Category:Dutch surgeons]]
[[Category:Dutch surgeons]]
[[Category:Mayors of Amsterdam]]
[[Category:Mayors of Amsterdam]]
{{Medicine-stub}}
[[Category:People from Amsterdam]]
<gallery>
[[Category:University of Leiden alumni]]
File:Amsterdam_-_Waag.jpg|The Waag in Amsterdam
File:Stammbaum_Familie_Tulp.GIF|Family tree of the Tulp family
File:Rembrandt_-_The_Anatomy_Lesson_of_Dr_Nicolaes_Tulp.jpg|The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt
File:Nicolaes_Tulp_1641_3de_capvt_lvi_satyr.JPG|Nicolaes Tulp
</gallery>
<gallery>
File:Nicolaes_Tulp.JPG|Nicolaes Tulp
File:Amsterdam_-_Waag.jpg|The Waag in Amsterdam
File:Stammbaum_Familie_Tulp.GIF|Family tree of the Tulp family
File:Rembrandt_-_The_Anatomy_Lesson_of_Dr_Nicolaes_Tulp.jpg|The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt
File:Nicolaes_Tulp_1641_3de_capvt_lvi_satyr.JPG|Nicolaes Tulp
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 18:47, 23 March 2025

Dutch surgeon and mayor of Amsterdam



Nicolaes Tulp (9 October 1593 – 12 September 1674) was a prominent Dutch surgeon and civic leader in Amsterdam during the Dutch Golden Age. He is best known for his role in Rembrandt's famous painting The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp.

Early Life and Education[edit]

Nicolaes Tulp was born as Nicolaes Pieterszoon in Amsterdam, Dutch Republic, on 9 October 1593. He was the son of Pieter Dirksz, a prosperous merchant. Tulp studied medicine at the University of Leiden, where he was influenced by the works of Hippocrates and Galen.

Medical Career[edit]

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt

After completing his studies, Tulp returned to Amsterdam, where he established a successful medical practice. He became a member of the Amsterdam Guild of Surgeons in 1619. Tulp was known for his innovative approaches to medicine and his commitment to public health.

In 1632, Tulp gained fame through Rembrandt's painting The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, which depicted him demonstrating the dissection of a cadaver to a group of surgeons. This painting is celebrated for its realistic portrayal of the human anatomy and its dramatic use of light and shadow.

Civic Leadership[edit]

The Waag in Amsterdam

Tulp was not only a physician but also a prominent civic leader. He served as a member of the Amsterdam City Council and was elected as the mayor of Amsterdam four times. His leadership was marked by efforts to improve public health and sanitation in the city.

Personal Life[edit]

Family tree of the Tulp family

Nicolaes Tulp married Aagje van der Voech in 1617, and the couple had several children. The Tulp family was well-respected in Amsterdam, and their lineage is depicted in the family tree.

Legacy[edit]

Tulp's contributions to medicine and public service left a lasting impact on Amsterdam. His work in anatomy and his role in Rembrandt's painting have immortalized him in the history of medicine and art.

Related Pages[edit]

Nicolaes Tulp
Nicolaes Tulp