Diacetyldihydromorphine: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:03, 20 February 2025

Diacetyldihydromorphine, also known as dihydroheroin, is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from morphine. It is an acetylated form of dihydromorphine, similar in structure to heroin (diacetylmorphine), but with a saturated 7,8-dihydro ring.

Chemical Properties[edit]

Diacetyldihydromorphine is chemically classified as an opioid and is a member of the morphinan class of compounds. The chemical structure of diacetyldihydromorphine is characterized by the presence of two acetyl groups attached to the morphinan skeleton, specifically at the 3 and 6 positions of the morphine molecule. This modification increases its lipid solubility, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier more efficiently than morphine.

Pharmacology[edit]

Diacetyldihydromorphine acts primarily as an agonist at the mu-opioid receptor, similar to other opioids. This receptor is responsible for the analgesic and euphoric effects of opioids. The acetylation of dihydromorphine to form diacetyldihydromorphine enhances its potency and duration of action compared to its parent compound.

Effects[edit]

The effects of diacetyldihydromorphine are similar to those of other opioids, including:

Analgesia (pain relief)
Euphoria
Sedation
Respiratory depression
Constipation

Metabolism[edit]

Once administered, diacetyldihydromorphine is rapidly metabolized in the body. It is deacetylated to form dihydromorphine, which is then further metabolized and excreted. The rapid metabolism contributes to its short duration of action.

Medical Use[edit]

Diacetyldihydromorphine has been used in the past for its analgesic properties, but its use is limited due to the potential for abuse and addiction. It is not commonly used in modern medical practice and is classified as a controlled substance in many countries.

Legal Status[edit]

Due to its potential for abuse and addiction, diacetyldihydromorphine is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, meaning it is not accepted for medical use and has a high potential for abuse. Similar restrictions apply in other countries under international drug control treaties.

Related Pages[edit]

Diacetyldihydromorphine

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Diacetyldihydromorphine''' is a semi-synthetic [[opioid]] derived from [[morphine]]. It is also known by its brand name, '''Paralaudin'''. It is a potent analgesic, used primarily in the treatment of severe pain.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Diacetyldihydromorphine}}
-==Chemistry==
+'''Diacetyldihydromorphine''', also known as '''dihydroheroin''', is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from [[morphine]]. It is an acetylated form of [[dihydromorphine]], similar in structure to [[heroin]] (diacetylmorphine), but with a saturated 7,8-dihydro ring.
-Diacetyldihydromorphine is a morphine derivative where the 3 and 6 hydroxyl groups have been acetylated. It is chemically similar to [[heroin]], which is also a diacetylated morphine derivative, but has a different effect profile due to its different metabolic pathway.
-==Pharmacology==
+== Chemical Properties ==
-Diacetyldihydromorphine acts primarily on the [[mu-opioid receptor]], but also has effects on the delta and kappa opioid receptors. It has a high affinity for the mu receptor, which is responsible for its potent analgesic effects. It is metabolized in the liver by [[esterases]] to 6-acetyldihydromorphine and dihydromorphine, both of which are also active opioids.
-==Clinical Use==
+Diacetyldihydromorphine is chemically classified as an [[opioid]] and is a member of the [[morphinan]] class of compounds. The chemical structure of diacetyldihydromorphine is characterized by the presence of two acetyl groups attached to the morphinan skeleton, specifically at the 3 and 6 positions of the morphine molecule. This modification increases its lipid solubility, allowing it to cross the [[blood-brain barrier]] more efficiently than morphine.
-Diacetyldihydromorphine is used in the treatment of severe pain, such as that caused by cancer or severe injury. It is typically administered via injection, but can also be taken orally. Due to its potency and potential for addiction, it is a controlled substance in many countries.
-==Side Effects==
+== Pharmacology ==
-Common side effects of diacetyldihydromorphine include nausea, vomiting, constipation, and drowsiness. Like other opioids, it also carries a risk of addiction and dependence. Overdose can lead to respiratory depression and death.
-==See Also==
+Diacetyldihydromorphine acts primarily as an agonist at the [[mu-opioid receptor]], similar to other opioids. This receptor is responsible for the analgesic and euphoric effects of opioids. The acetylation of dihydromorphine to form diacetyldihydromorphine enhances its potency and duration of action compared to its parent compound.
+=== Effects ===
+The effects of diacetyldihydromorphine are similar to those of other opioids, including:
+* Analgesia (pain relief)
+* Euphoria
+* Sedation
+* Respiratory depression
+* Constipation
+=== Metabolism ===
+Once administered, diacetyldihydromorphine is rapidly metabolized in the body. It is deacetylated to form dihydromorphine, which is then further metabolized and excreted. The rapid metabolism contributes to its short duration of action.
+== Medical Use ==
+Diacetyldihydromorphine has been used in the past for its analgesic properties, but its use is limited due to the potential for abuse and addiction. It is not commonly used in modern medical practice and is classified as a controlled substance in many countries.
+== Legal Status ==
+Due to its potential for abuse and addiction, diacetyldihydromorphine is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, meaning it is not accepted for medical use and has a high potential for abuse. Similar restrictions apply in other countries under international drug control treaties.
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Opioid]]
 * [[Morphine]]
 * [[Heroin]]
-* [[Opioid receptor]]
+* [[Dihydromorphine]]
-* [[Esterases]]
+* [[Mu-opioid receptor]]
 [[Category:Opioids]]
 [[Category:Analgesics]]
-[[Category:Drugs]]
+[[Category:Controlled substances]]
+<gallery>
-{{pharmacology-stub}}
+File:Dihydroheroin.svg|Diacetyldihydromorphine
+</gallery>