Jharkhand: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:01, 23 March 2025

State in eastern India

Jharkhand is a state located in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. The state shares its borders with Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south, and West Bengal to the east. The capital of Jharkhand is Ranchi, while Jamshedpur is the largest city.

Geography[edit]

Jharkhand is known for its rich mineral resources and diverse geography. The state is part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which is rich in minerals such as coal, iron ore, copper, mica, bauxite, and uranium. The plateau is characterized by its hilly terrain and dense forests.

The state has several major rivers, including the Damodar River, Subarnarekha River, and Koel River. These rivers are crucial for the state's agriculture and hydroelectric power generation.

Climate[edit]

Jharkhand experiences a tropical climate with hot summers, a monsoon season, and mild winters. The average temperature ranges from 25°C to 37°C in summer and 5°C to 25°C in winter. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, which is vital for the state's agriculture.

Flora and Fauna[edit]

Jharkhand is home to a variety of flora and fauna. The state has several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, including Betla National Park, Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, and Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary. These protected areas are home to species such as tigers, elephants, leopards, and various species of deer.

Economy[edit]

The economy of Jharkhand is primarily driven by mining, agriculture, and industry. The state is one of the leading producers of minerals in India, contributing significantly to the country's mineral output. Major industries include steel, cement, and heavy engineering.

Agriculture is another important sector, with rice, wheat, and pulses being the main crops. The state government has been focusing on improving infrastructure and attracting investment to boost economic growth.

Culture[edit]

Jharkhand has a rich cultural heritage with a mix of tribal and non-tribal traditions. The state is home to several indigenous tribes, including the Santhal, Munda, Oraon, and Ho tribes. These communities have their own distinct languages, customs, and festivals.

The state celebrates various festivals such as Sarhul, Karma, and Tusu Parab, which are integral to the tribal culture. Chhau dance, a traditional dance form, is also popular in the region.

Tourism[edit]

Jharkhand offers a variety of tourist attractions, including natural landscapes, religious sites, and historical monuments. Some of the notable places include:

Parasnath Hill, a major Jain pilgrimage site.
Deoghar, known for the Baidyanath Temple, one of the twelve Jyotirlingas in India.
Netarhat, a hill station known for its scenic beauty.
Dassam Falls, a picturesque waterfall near Ranchi.

Education[edit]

Jharkhand has several educational institutions, including Indian School of Mines, Birla Institute of Technology, and Ranchi University. The state government is working to improve the quality of education and increase literacy rates.

Related pages[edit]

External links[edit]

Official website of Jharkhand Government

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-'''Jharkhand''' is a state in eastern [[India]]. It was carved out of the southern part of [[Bihar]] on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It has an area of 79,710 km2 (30,778 sq mi). The industrial city of [[Ranchi]] is its capital and Dumka is sub capital, Dhanbad the coal capital of India, is the most populous city in the state.
+{{short description|State in eastern India}}
+{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
-== History ==
+[[File:Shikharji_Parasnath_Giridih.jpg|thumb|Shikharji, Parasnath, Giridih, a major pilgrimage site in Jharkhand]]
-The region has been inhabited since the [[Mesolithic]] and [[Chalcolithic]] period, as shown by several ancient cave paintings. During ancient times, the region was ruled by several empires, including the [[Maurya Empire]], [[Gupta Empire]], and [[Pala Empire]]. When the [[Mughal Empire]] took over the region, it was known as Kukara. After the year 1765, it came under the control of the [[British Empire]] and was formally known as [[South Bihar]] until after the independence of India in 1947, when the southern part of Bihar was separated to form the state of Jharkhand.
+'''Jharkhand''' is a state located in eastern [[India]]. It was carved out of the southern part of [[Bihar]] on 15 November 2000. The state shares its borders with [[Bihar]] to the north, [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the northwest, [[Chhattisgarh]] to the west, [[Odisha]] to the south, and [[West Bengal]] to the east. The capital of Jharkhand is [[Ranchi]], while [[Jamshedpur]] is the largest city.
-== Geography ==
+==Geography==
+Jharkhand is known for its rich mineral resources and diverse geography. The state is part of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]], which is rich in minerals such as [[coal]], [[iron ore]], [[copper]], [[mica]], [[bauxite]], and [[uranium]]. The plateau is characterized by its hilly terrain and dense forests.
-Jharkhand is located in the eastern part of India and is enclosed by Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south and West Bengal to the east. The state is rich in mineral resources such as coal, iron ore, copper ore, uranium, mica, bauxite, granite, limestone, silver, graphite, magnetite and dolomite.
+[[File:Wild_Abode.jpg|thumb|left|A view of the natural landscape in Jharkhand]]
-== Economy ==
+The state has several major rivers, including the [[Damodar River]], [[Subarnarekha River]], and [[Koel River]]. These rivers are crucial for the state's agriculture and hydroelectric power generation.
-Jharkhand has a concentrated industrial sector based on its mineral resources with some of the largest factories, such as Tata Steel, being located in Jamshedpur. Other major industries in the state include Tata Motors, Bokaro Steel Plant, Indian Explosive Limited, UCIL, ECL, and Hindustan Steel.
+==Climate==
+Jharkhand experiences a tropical climate with hot summers, a monsoon season, and mild winters. The average temperature ranges from 25°C to 37°C in summer and 5°C to 25°C in winter. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, which is vital for the state's agriculture.
-== Culture ==
+==Flora and Fauna==
+Jharkhand is home to a variety of flora and fauna. The state has several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, including [[Betla National Park]], [[Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary]], and [[Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary]]. These protected areas are home to species such as [[tigers]], [[elephants]], [[leopards]], and various species of deer.
-The culture of Jharkhand is very diverse and rich. Each tribal community has its own distinct culture. The major cultural events include Sarhul, Karma, Manda, Tusu, Jitia, etc. The cuisine of the region, like the culture, is very diverse. Rice, dal, vegetable curry, and pickles are the common foods of Jharkhand.
+==Economy==
+The economy of Jharkhand is primarily driven by mining, agriculture, and industry. The state is one of the leading producers of minerals in India, contributing significantly to the country's mineral output. Major industries include [[steel]], [[cement]], and [[heavy engineering]].
-== Education ==
+[[File:Bhatinda_Falls_1.jpg|thumb|Bhatinda Falls, a popular tourist destination in Jharkhand]]
-Jharkhand has a literacy rate of 67.63% as per the 2011 census. The state has several prestigious educational institutions, such as Indian School of Mines, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Birla Institute of Technology, National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology, Central University of Jharkhand, Birsa Agricultural University, National University of Study and Research in Law, and Central Institute of Psychiatry.
+Agriculture is another important sector, with rice, wheat, and pulses being the main crops. The state government has been focusing on improving infrastructure and attracting investment to boost economic growth.
-== See also ==
+==Culture==
-* [[List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand]]
+Jharkhand has a rich cultural heritage with a mix of tribal and non-tribal traditions. The state is home to several indigenous tribes, including the [[Santhal]], [[Munda]], [[Oraon]], and [[Ho]] tribes. These communities have their own distinct languages, customs, and festivals.
-* [[List of Governors of Jharkhand]]
-* [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]
-* [[Jharkhand High Court]]
-{{Jharkhand}}
+[[File:Panchet_Dam_(DVC)_Dhanbad.jpg|thumb|left|Panchet Dam, an important infrastructure project in Jharkhand]]
+The state celebrates various festivals such as [[Sarhul]], [[Karma]], and [[Tusu Parab]], which are integral to the tribal culture. [[Chhau dance]], a traditional dance form, is also popular in the region.
+==Tourism==
+Jharkhand offers a variety of tourist attractions, including natural landscapes, religious sites, and historical monuments. Some of the notable places include:
+* [[Parasnath Hill]], a major Jain pilgrimage site.
+* [[Deoghar]], known for the [[Baidyanath Temple]], one of the twelve [[Jyotirlingas]] in India.
+* [[Netarhat]], a hill station known for its scenic beauty.
+* [[Dassam Falls]], a picturesque waterfall near Ranchi.
+[[File:Dassam_fall,_ranchi.jpg|thumb|Dassam Falls, a scenic waterfall near Ranchi]]
+==Education==
+Jharkhand has several educational institutions, including [[Indian School of Mines]], [[Birla Institute of Technology]], and [[Ranchi University]]. The state government is working to improve the quality of education and increase literacy rates.
+==Related pages==
+* [[Bihar]]
+* [[Chhattisgarh]]
+* [[Odisha]]
+* [[West Bengal]]
+[[File:Baba_Dham.jpg|thumb|left|Baba Dham, a significant religious site in Jharkhand]]
+==See also==
+* [[List of districts of Jharkhand]]
+* [[Economy of Jharkhand]]
+* [[Culture of Jharkhand]]
+[[File:Khakparta_Temple.jpg|thumb|Khakparta Temple, an example of Jharkhand's architectural heritage]]
+==External links==
+* [https://www.jharkhand.gov.in/ Official website of Jharkhand Government]
+[[Category:Jharkhand| ]]
 [[Category:States and territories of India]]
-[[Category:Jharkhand]]
+[[Category:2000 establishments in India]]
-{{India-stub}}