Lytic cycle: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Overview of the lytic cycle in bacteriophages}} | |||
== | == Lytic Cycle == | ||
The lytic cycle is one of two cycles of | The '''lytic cycle''' is one of the two main [[viral life cycle|life cycles]] of [[bacteriophage|bacteriophages]], the other being the [[lysogenic cycle]]. In the lytic cycle, the phage replicates within a [[bacterium]], ultimately leading to the lysis, or destruction, of the host cell and the release of new phage particles. | ||
[[File:Phage2.JPG|thumb|right|Diagram of the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage]] | |||
=== Attachment === | === Attachment === | ||
The lytic cycle begins with the attachment of the phage to the surface of the bacterial cell. This is a highly specific interaction, where the phage recognizes and binds to specific receptors on the bacterial surface. | |||
=== Penetration === | === Penetration === | ||
After attachment, the phage injects its [[genetic material]] into the host cell. The phage's [[capsid]] remains outside the bacterium, while the [[DNA]] or [[RNA]] enters the host. | |||
=== Biosynthesis === | === Biosynthesis === | ||
Once inside, the phage DNA takes over the host's cellular machinery to synthesize phage components. The host's [[ribosomes]], [[enzymes]], and [[nucleotides]] are used to produce phage [[proteins]] and replicate the phage genome. | |||
=== Maturation === | === Maturation === | ||
During maturation, | During maturation, the newly synthesized phage components are assembled into complete phage particles. This includes the assembly of the phage head, tail, and tail fibers. | ||
=== Lysis === | === Lysis === | ||
The final stage of the lytic cycle is the lysis of the host cell. The phage produces [[lysozyme]] or other enzymes that degrade the bacterial cell wall, causing the cell to burst and release the newly formed phages into the environment. | |||
== | == Significance == | ||
The lytic cycle is significant in the context of [[bacterial infection]]s and [[phage therapy]]. It is a mechanism by which phages can control bacterial populations and has potential applications in treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. | |||
== | == Related Pages == | ||
* [[Bacteriophage]] | * [[Bacteriophage]] | ||
* [[Lysogenic cycle]] | * [[Lysogenic cycle]] | ||
* [[Viral replication]] | * [[Viral replication]] | ||
* [[Phage therapy]] | |||
[[Category:Virology]] | [[Category:Virology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Bacteriophages]] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:02, 13 February 2025
Overview of the lytic cycle in bacteriophages
Lytic Cycle[edit]
The lytic cycle is one of the two main life cycles of bacteriophages, the other being the lysogenic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the phage replicates within a bacterium, ultimately leading to the lysis, or destruction, of the host cell and the release of new phage particles.
Attachment[edit]
The lytic cycle begins with the attachment of the phage to the surface of the bacterial cell. This is a highly specific interaction, where the phage recognizes and binds to specific receptors on the bacterial surface.
Penetration[edit]
After attachment, the phage injects its genetic material into the host cell. The phage's capsid remains outside the bacterium, while the DNA or RNA enters the host.
Biosynthesis[edit]
Once inside, the phage DNA takes over the host's cellular machinery to synthesize phage components. The host's ribosomes, enzymes, and nucleotides are used to produce phage proteins and replicate the phage genome.
Maturation[edit]
During maturation, the newly synthesized phage components are assembled into complete phage particles. This includes the assembly of the phage head, tail, and tail fibers.
Lysis[edit]
The final stage of the lytic cycle is the lysis of the host cell. The phage produces lysozyme or other enzymes that degrade the bacterial cell wall, causing the cell to burst and release the newly formed phages into the environment.
Significance[edit]
The lytic cycle is significant in the context of bacterial infections and phage therapy. It is a mechanism by which phages can control bacterial populations and has potential applications in treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
