Mandibular fracture: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
A '''[[Mandibular fracture]]''' is a common type of [[facial fracture]]. It is a break in the [[mandible]], or lower jaw. The mandible is the second most commonly fractured facial bone, after the [[nose]]. | | name = Mandibular fracture | ||
| image = [[File:3D_CT_of_bilateral_mandible_fracture.jpg|left|thumb]] | |||
| caption = 3D CT scan showing bilateral mandibular fractures | |||
| field = [[Oral and maxillofacial surgery]] | |||
| synonyms = Fracture of the jaw | |||
| symptoms = [[Pain]], [[swelling]], [[bruising]], [[malocclusion]] | |||
| complications = [[Infection]], [[malunion]], [[nonunion]], [[nerve damage]] | |||
| onset = Sudden, usually due to [[trauma]] | |||
| duration = Varies, depending on treatment | |||
| causes = [[Physical trauma]], [[assault]], [[sports injuries]], [[falls]], [[motor vehicle accidents]] | |||
| risks = [[Osteoporosis]], [[poor dental health]], [[high-impact sports]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[X-ray]], [[CT scan]] | |||
| differential = [[Dental fracture]], [[temporomandibular joint disorder]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]], [[intermaxillary fixation]], [[pain management]] | |||
| medication = [[Analgesics]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with appropriate treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
[[File:NoDisManFracMark.png|thumb|No Displaced Mandible Fracture Mark]] | |||
[[File:Simple_mandible_fracture.jpg|thumb|Simple mandible fracture]] | |||
[[File:Townes_view_bilateral_condyle_fracture.jpg|thumb|Townes view bilateral condyle fracture]] | |||
A '''[[Mandibular fracture]]''' is a common type of [[facial fracture]]. It is a break in the [[mandible]], or lower jaw. The mandible is the second most commonly fractured facial bone, after the [[nose]]. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Mandibular fractures are often caused by physical trauma, such as [[vehicle accidents]], [[falls]], and [[sports injuries]]. They can also be caused by [[violence]] or [[pathological fracture]]s due to diseases such as [[osteoporosis]] or [[cancer]]. | Mandibular fractures are often caused by physical trauma, such as [[vehicle accidents]], [[falls]], and [[sports injuries]]. They can also be caused by [[violence]] or [[pathological fracture]]s due to diseases such as [[osteoporosis]] or [[cancer]]. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of a mandibular fracture can include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty opening the mouth. Other symptoms can include numbness in the lower lip, a change in the way the teeth fit together, and an inability to fully open or close the mouth. | Symptoms of a mandibular fracture can include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty opening the mouth. Other symptoms can include numbness in the lower lip, a change in the way the teeth fit together, and an inability to fully open or close the mouth. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of a mandibular fracture is typically made through a combination of physical examination and imaging tests, such as [[X-ray]]s or a [[CT scan]]. The doctor will look for signs of injury, such as swelling, bruising, and changes in the alignment of the teeth. | Diagnosis of a mandibular fracture is typically made through a combination of physical examination and imaging tests, such as [[X-ray]]s or a [[CT scan]]. The doctor will look for signs of injury, such as swelling, bruising, and changes in the alignment of the teeth. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for a mandibular fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. Treatment options can include surgery, immobilization of the jaw, and pain management. In some cases, a [[dietary modification]] may be necessary. | Treatment for a mandibular fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. Treatment options can include surgery, immobilization of the jaw, and pain management. In some cases, a [[dietary modification]] may be necessary. | ||
==Additional images== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Occlusal_view_symphsis_fracture.jpg|left|thumb|Occlusal view symphysis fracture | |||
File:Mandbular_fractures.png|thumb|Mandibular fractures | |||
File:Multiple_mandible_fractures.jpg|left|thumb|Multiple mandible fractures | |||
File:Maxillomandibularfixation.jpg|left|thumb|Maxillomandibular fixation | |||
File:Rigid_Internal_fixation_mandible.jpg|left|thumb|Rigid Internal fixation mandible | |||
File:Rigid_Internal_fixation_mandible_condyle.jpg|left|thumb|Rigid Internal fixation mandible condyle | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Facial trauma]] | * [[Facial trauma]] | ||
* [[Maxillary fracture]] | * [[Maxillary fracture]] | ||
* [[Zygomatic fracture]] | * [[Zygomatic fracture]] | ||
* [[Orbital fracture]] | * [[Orbital fracture]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Injuries]] | [[Category:Injuries]] | ||
[[Category:Fractures]] | [[Category:Fractures]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:57, 26 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's weight loss doctor NYC
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| Mandibular fracture | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Fracture of the jaw |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Pain, swelling, bruising, malocclusion |
| Complications | Infection, malunion, nonunion, nerve damage |
| Onset | Sudden, usually due to trauma |
| Duration | Varies, depending on treatment |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Physical trauma, assault, sports injuries, falls, motor vehicle accidents |
| Risks | Osteoporosis, poor dental health, high-impact sports |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, X-ray, CT scan |
| Differential diagnosis | Dental fracture, temporomandibular joint disorder |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgery, intermaxillary fixation, pain management |
| Medication | Analgesics, antibiotics |
| Prognosis | Generally good with appropriate treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
A Mandibular fracture is a common type of facial fracture. It is a break in the mandible, or lower jaw. The mandible is the second most commonly fractured facial bone, after the nose.
Causes[edit]
Mandibular fractures are often caused by physical trauma, such as vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries. They can also be caused by violence or pathological fractures due to diseases such as osteoporosis or cancer.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of a mandibular fracture can include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty opening the mouth. Other symptoms can include numbness in the lower lip, a change in the way the teeth fit together, and an inability to fully open or close the mouth.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of a mandibular fracture is typically made through a combination of physical examination and imaging tests, such as X-rays or a CT scan. The doctor will look for signs of injury, such as swelling, bruising, and changes in the alignment of the teeth.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for a mandibular fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. Treatment options can include surgery, immobilization of the jaw, and pain management. In some cases, a dietary modification may be necessary.
Additional images[edit]
-
Occlusal view symphysis fracture -
Mandibular fractures -
Multiple mandible fractures -
Maxillomandibular fixation -
Rigid Internal fixation mandible -
Rigid Internal fixation mandible condyle
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
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