Roseola: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Roseola | |||
| image = [[File:Roseola_on_a_21-month-old_girl.jpg|alt=Roseola rash on a 21-month-old girl]] | |||
| caption = Roseola rash on a 21-month-old girl | |||
| field = [[Pediatrics]] | |||
| synonyms = Sixth disease, exanthem subitum | |||
| symptoms = High fever, rash | |||
| complications = [[Febrile seizure]] | |||
| onset = Usually between 6 months and 2 years of age | |||
| duration = Fever lasts 3-5 days, rash lasts 1-2 days | |||
| causes = [[Human herpesvirus 6]] (HHV-6) and [[Human herpesvirus 7]] (HHV-7) | |||
| risks = [[Immunocompromised]] individuals | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical evaluation | |||
| differential = [[Measles]], [[Rubella]], [[Scarlet fever]] | |||
| prevention = None | |||
| treatment = Supportive care, [[antipyretics]] | |||
| medication = [[Ibuprofen]], [[Acetaminophen]] | |||
| prognosis = Excellent | |||
| frequency = Common in children under 2 years | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Hhv-6 (1).jpg|Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Roseola''' (also known as '''exanthem subitum''', '''sixth disease''', and '''roseola infantum''') is a [[clinical syndrome]] characterized by three days of high [[fever]] that is resolved by a [[rash]]. The disease is primarily caused by two human [[herpesviruses]], HHV-6 and HHV-7, both of which are sometimes referred to as Roseolovirus. | '''Roseola''' (also known as '''exanthem subitum''', '''sixth disease''', and '''roseola infantum''') is a [[clinical syndrome]] characterized by three days of high [[fever]] that is resolved by a [[rash]]. The disease is primarily caused by two human [[herpesviruses]], HHV-6 and HHV-7, both of which are sometimes referred to as Roseolovirus. | ||
==Signs and Symptoms== | ==Signs and Symptoms== | ||
Roseola is most common in children 6 months to 2 years of age, with the average age of infection at around 9 months of age. The disease begins with a sudden high fever (39–40 | Roseola is most common in children 6 months to 2 years of age, with the average age of infection at around 9 months of age. The disease begins with a sudden high fever (39–40 ¬∞C; 102.2-104 ¬∞F). This can cause, in some cases, [[febrile convulsions]] (also known as febrile seizures or fever fits) due to the sudden rise in body temperature, but in many cases the child appears normal. After a few days the fever subsides, and just as the child appears to be recovering, a red rash appears. This usually begins on the trunk, spreading to the legs and neck. The rash is not itchy and may last 1 to 2 days. In contrast, a child suffering from [[measles]] would usually appear more ill, with symptoms of conjunctivitis and a cough, and their rash would affect the face and last for several days. | ||
==Cause== | ==Cause== | ||
Roseola is caused by two human herpesviruses, [[Human herpesvirus 6]] (HHV-6) and [[Human herpesvirus 7]] (HHV-7), which are sometimes referred to collectively as Roseolovirus. Other viruses can also cause roseola. | Roseola is caused by two human herpesviruses, [[Human herpesvirus 6]] (HHV-6) and [[Human herpesvirus 7]] (HHV-7), which are sometimes referred to collectively as Roseolovirus. Other viruses can also cause roseola. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Roseola is typically diagnosed by the symptoms, particularly the characteristic rash. If the rash is not present, it may be difficult to diagnose since the other symptoms are common in many other diseases. | Roseola is typically diagnosed by the symptoms, particularly the characteristic rash. If the rash is not present, it may be difficult to diagnose since the other symptoms are common in many other diseases. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
There is no specific treatment for roseola. The disease usually gets better without treatment. However, because of the fever, it is important to prevent dehydration. | There is no specific treatment for roseola. The disease usually gets better without treatment. However, because of the fever, it is important to prevent dehydration. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
There is no vaccine for roseola. The best prevention is good hygiene. | There is no vaccine for roseola. The best prevention is good hygiene. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Exanthem]] | * [[Exanthem]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 37: | ||
* [[Human herpesvirus 6]] | * [[Human herpesvirus 6]] | ||
* [[Human herpesvirus 7]] | * [[Human herpesvirus 7]] | ||
[[Category:Viral diseases]] | [[Category:Viral diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Herpes]] | [[Category:Herpes]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:41, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Roseola | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Sixth disease, exanthem subitum |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | High fever, rash |
| Complications | Febrile seizure |
| Onset | Usually between 6 months and 2 years of age |
| Duration | Fever lasts 3-5 days, rash lasts 1-2 days |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) |
| Risks | Immunocompromised individuals |
| Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation |
| Differential diagnosis | Measles, Rubella, Scarlet fever |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Supportive care, antipyretics |
| Medication | Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen |
| Prognosis | Excellent |
| Frequency | Common in children under 2 years |
| Deaths | N/A |
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Roseola (also known as exanthem subitum, sixth disease, and roseola infantum) is a clinical syndrome characterized by three days of high fever that is resolved by a rash. The disease is primarily caused by two human herpesviruses, HHV-6 and HHV-7, both of which are sometimes referred to as Roseolovirus.
Signs and Symptoms[edit]
Roseola is most common in children 6 months to 2 years of age, with the average age of infection at around 9 months of age. The disease begins with a sudden high fever (39–40 ¬∞C; 102.2-104 ¬∞F). This can cause, in some cases, febrile convulsions (also known as febrile seizures or fever fits) due to the sudden rise in body temperature, but in many cases the child appears normal. After a few days the fever subsides, and just as the child appears to be recovering, a red rash appears. This usually begins on the trunk, spreading to the legs and neck. The rash is not itchy and may last 1 to 2 days. In contrast, a child suffering from measles would usually appear more ill, with symptoms of conjunctivitis and a cough, and their rash would affect the face and last for several days.
Cause[edit]
Roseola is caused by two human herpesviruses, Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), which are sometimes referred to collectively as Roseolovirus. Other viruses can also cause roseola.
Diagnosis[edit]
Roseola is typically diagnosed by the symptoms, particularly the characteristic rash. If the rash is not present, it may be difficult to diagnose since the other symptoms are common in many other diseases.
Treatment[edit]
There is no specific treatment for roseola. The disease usually gets better without treatment. However, because of the fever, it is important to prevent dehydration.
Prevention[edit]
There is no vaccine for roseola. The best prevention is good hygiene.
