Neonatal conjunctivitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Neonatal conjunctivitis | |||
| image = [[File:Gonococcal_ophthalmia_neonatorum.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| synonyms = Ophthalmia neonatorum | |||
| symptoms = [[Eye discharge]], [[redness]], [[swelling]] of the [[eyelids]] | |||
| complications = [[Corneal ulceration]], [[blindness]] | |||
| onset = Within the first 28 days of life | |||
| duration = Varies depending on cause | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[viral infection]], [[chemical irritation]] | |||
| risks = [[Premature birth]], [[prolonged rupture of membranes]], [[maternal infection]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Eye swab]] and [[culture]], [[polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) | |||
| differential = [[Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction]], [[congenital glaucoma]] | |||
| prevention = [[Prophylactic eye drops]] at birth | |||
| treatment = Depends on cause; may include [[antibiotics]], [[antiviral medication]], [[irrigation]] | |||
| prognosis = Good with prompt treatment | |||
| frequency = Varies by region and healthcare practices | |||
}} | |||
'''Neonatal conjunctivitis''' (also known as '''ophthalmia neonatorum''') is an inflammation of the eye that affects newborns. It is a common condition that can occur in the first month of life. The condition is typically caused by an infection that is passed from the mother to the baby during delivery. | '''Neonatal conjunctivitis''' (also known as '''ophthalmia neonatorum''') is an inflammation of the eye that affects newborns. It is a common condition that can occur in the first month of life. The condition is typically caused by an infection that is passed from the mother to the baby during delivery. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Neonatal conjunctivitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including [[bacteria]], [[virus|viruses]], and [[irritation]] from chemical substances. The most common bacterial causes are [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] and [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]. Viral causes can include [[Herpes simplex virus]]. | Neonatal conjunctivitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including [[bacteria]], [[virus|viruses]], and [[irritation]] from chemical substances. The most common bacterial causes are [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] and [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]. Viral causes can include [[Herpes simplex virus]]. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis can include redness and swelling of the eyes, discharge, and eyelid swelling. In some cases, the condition can lead to serious complications, such as [[pneumonia]], [[meningitis]], and [[sepsis]]. | Symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis can include redness and swelling of the eyes, discharge, and eyelid swelling. In some cases, the condition can lead to serious complications, such as [[pneumonia]], [[meningitis]], and [[sepsis]]. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis depends on the cause of the condition. Bacterial infections are typically treated with [[antibiotic]] eye drops or ointments. Viral infections may require antiviral medication. In cases where the condition is caused by chemical irritation, the treatment usually involves flushing the eyes with saline solution. | Treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis depends on the cause of the condition. Bacterial infections are typically treated with [[antibiotic]] eye drops or ointments. Viral infections may require antiviral medication. In cases where the condition is caused by chemical irritation, the treatment usually involves flushing the eyes with saline solution. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis involves screening and treating pregnant women for sexually transmitted infections, as these can be passed on to the baby during delivery. In some countries, newborns are given antibiotic eye drops or ointment shortly after birth to prevent the condition. | Prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis involves screening and treating pregnant women for sexually transmitted infections, as these can be passed on to the baby during delivery. In some countries, newborns are given antibiotic eye drops or ointment shortly after birth to prevent the condition. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Conjunctivitis]] | * [[Conjunctivitis]] | ||
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* [[Gonorrhea]] | * [[Gonorrhea]] | ||
* [[Herpes simplex]] | * [[Herpes simplex]] | ||
[[Category:Eye diseases]] | [[Category:Eye diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Neonatology]] | [[Category:Neonatology]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:19, 6 April 2025
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| Neonatal conjunctivitis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Ophthalmia neonatorum |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Eye discharge, redness, swelling of the eyelids |
| Complications | Corneal ulceration, blindness |
| Onset | Within the first 28 days of life |
| Duration | Varies depending on cause |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Bacterial infection, viral infection, chemical irritation |
| Risks | Premature birth, prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal infection |
| Diagnosis | Eye swab and culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) |
| Differential diagnosis | Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, congenital glaucoma |
| Prevention | Prophylactic eye drops at birth |
| Treatment | Depends on cause; may include antibiotics, antiviral medication, irrigation |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with prompt treatment |
| Frequency | Varies by region and healthcare practices |
| Deaths | N/A |
Neonatal conjunctivitis (also known as ophthalmia neonatorum) is an inflammation of the eye that affects newborns. It is a common condition that can occur in the first month of life. The condition is typically caused by an infection that is passed from the mother to the baby during delivery.
Causes[edit]
Neonatal conjunctivitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacteria, viruses, and irritation from chemical substances. The most common bacterial causes are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Viral causes can include Herpes simplex virus.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis can include redness and swelling of the eyes, discharge, and eyelid swelling. In some cases, the condition can lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis depends on the cause of the condition. Bacterial infections are typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Viral infections may require antiviral medication. In cases where the condition is caused by chemical irritation, the treatment usually involves flushing the eyes with saline solution.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis involves screening and treating pregnant women for sexually transmitted infections, as these can be passed on to the baby during delivery. In some countries, newborns are given antibiotic eye drops or ointment shortly after birth to prevent the condition.
