Hutchinson's pupil: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Hutchinson's pupil | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| image = | |||
| caption = | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Mydriasis]], [[anisocoria]], [[unilateral]] pupil dilation | |||
| complications = [[Brain herniation]], [[increased intracranial pressure]] | |||
| onset = Acute | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Intracranial mass]], [[traumatic brain injury]], [[subdural hematoma]], [[epidural hematoma]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Neurological examination]], [[CT scan]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Adie syndrome]], [[third nerve palsy]], [[Horner's syndrome]] | |||
| treatment = Address underlying cause, [[surgical intervention]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Depends on underlying cause and timely intervention | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Hutchinson's pupil''' is a medical condition characterized by a dilated, non-reactive pupil, often associated with severe head trauma or increased intracranial pressure. It is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, a British surgeon and pathologist. | '''Hutchinson's pupil''' is a medical condition characterized by a dilated, non-reactive pupil, often associated with severe head trauma or increased intracranial pressure. It is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, a British surgeon and pathologist. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Hutchinson's pupil is typically caused by [[brain injury]] or [[brain tumor]], which can lead to increased [[intracranial pressure]]. This pressure can compress the [[third cranial nerve]], leading to a dilated and non-reactive pupil. | Hutchinson's pupil is typically caused by [[brain injury]] or [[brain tumor]], which can lead to increased [[intracranial pressure]]. This pressure can compress the [[third cranial nerve]], leading to a dilated and non-reactive pupil. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The primary symptom of Hutchinson's pupil is a dilated, non-reactive pupil. This can be accompanied by other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, such as [[headache]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and altered mental status. | The primary symptom of Hutchinson's pupil is a dilated, non-reactive pupil. This can be accompanied by other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, such as [[headache]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and altered mental status. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Hutchinson's pupil is primarily clinical, based on the presence of a dilated, non-reactive pupil in a patient with a history of head trauma or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Additional diagnostic tests, such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]], may be used to identify the underlying cause. | Diagnosis of Hutchinson's pupil is primarily clinical, based on the presence of a dilated, non-reactive pupil in a patient with a history of head trauma or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Additional diagnostic tests, such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]], may be used to identify the underlying cause. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment of Hutchinson's pupil is aimed at reducing intracranial pressure and treating the underlying cause. This may involve medications to reduce swelling in the brain, surgery to remove a tumor or relieve pressure, or other treatments as appropriate. | Treatment of Hutchinson's pupil is aimed at reducing intracranial pressure and treating the underlying cause. This may involve medications to reduce swelling in the brain, surgery to remove a tumor or relieve pressure, or other treatments as appropriate. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for Hutchinson's pupil depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, the condition may resolve with treatment. In others, it may result in permanent vision loss or other complications. | The prognosis for Hutchinson's pupil depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, the condition may resolve with treatment. In others, it may result in permanent vision loss or other complications. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Pupil]] | * [[Pupil]] | ||
* [[Intracranial pressure]] | * [[Intracranial pressure]] | ||
* [[Third cranial nerve]] | * [[Third cranial nerve]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Eye disorders]] | [[Category:Eye disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | |||
Latest revision as of 00:41, 4 April 2025
| Hutchinson's pupil | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Mydriasis, anisocoria, unilateral pupil dilation |
| Complications | Brain herniation, increased intracranial pressure |
| Onset | Acute |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Intracranial mass, traumatic brain injury, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Neurological examination, CT scan, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Adie syndrome, third nerve palsy, Horner's syndrome |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Address underlying cause, surgical intervention |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Depends on underlying cause and timely intervention |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | |
Hutchinson's pupil is a medical condition characterized by a dilated, non-reactive pupil, often associated with severe head trauma or increased intracranial pressure. It is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, a British surgeon and pathologist.
Causes[edit]
Hutchinson's pupil is typically caused by brain injury or brain tumor, which can lead to increased intracranial pressure. This pressure can compress the third cranial nerve, leading to a dilated and non-reactive pupil.
Symptoms[edit]
The primary symptom of Hutchinson's pupil is a dilated, non-reactive pupil. This can be accompanied by other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Hutchinson's pupil is primarily clinical, based on the presence of a dilated, non-reactive pupil in a patient with a history of head trauma or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Additional diagnostic tests, such as CT scan or MRI, may be used to identify the underlying cause.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of Hutchinson's pupil is aimed at reducing intracranial pressure and treating the underlying cause. This may involve medications to reduce swelling in the brain, surgery to remove a tumor or relieve pressure, or other treatments as appropriate.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for Hutchinson's pupil depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, the condition may resolve with treatment. In others, it may result in permanent vision loss or other complications.
