Congenital hemolytic anemia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Congenital hemolytic anemia | |||
| synonyms = Hereditary hemolytic anemia | |||
| field = [[Hematology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fatigue (medical)|Fatigue]], [[pallor]], [[jaundice]], [[splenomegaly]] | |||
| complications = [[Gallstones]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[heart failure]] | |||
| onset = [[Birth]] or early [[childhood]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = [[Genetic disorder]] | |||
| risks = [[Family history]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood test]], [[genetic testing]] | |||
| differential = [[Acquired hemolytic anemia]], [[thalassemia]], [[sickle cell disease]] | |||
| treatment = [[Folic acid]] supplementation, [[blood transfusion]], [[splenectomy]] | |||
| medication = [[Folic acid]], [[iron chelation therapy]] | |||
| frequency = Varies by specific condition | |||
}} | |||
'''Congenital Hemolytic Anemia''' is a group of [[blood disorders]] that occur due to the premature destruction of [[red blood cells]] by the body's immune system. These disorders are present from birth and can lead to a variety of health problems, including [[jaundice]], [[anemia]], and an enlarged [[spleen]]. | '''Congenital Hemolytic Anemia''' is a group of [[blood disorders]] that occur due to the premature destruction of [[red blood cells]] by the body's immune system. These disorders are present from birth and can lead to a variety of health problems, including [[jaundice]], [[anemia]], and an enlarged [[spleen]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Congenital hemolytic anemia is caused by genetic mutations that affect the production or function of red blood cells. These mutations can be inherited from one or both parents. Some of the most common types of congenital hemolytic anemia include [[sickle cell anemia]], [[thalassemia]], and [[hereditary spherocytosis]]. | Congenital hemolytic anemia is caused by genetic mutations that affect the production or function of red blood cells. These mutations can be inherited from one or both parents. Some of the most common types of congenital hemolytic anemia include [[sickle cell anemia]], [[thalassemia]], and [[hereditary spherocytosis]]. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of congenital hemolytic anemia can vary widely, depending on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Common symptoms include [[fatigue]], [[pale skin]], [[yellowing of the skin and eyes]] (jaundice), and an enlarged spleen. | The symptoms of congenital hemolytic anemia can vary widely, depending on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Common symptoms include [[fatigue]], [[pale skin]], [[yellowing of the skin and eyes]] (jaundice), and an enlarged spleen. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of congenital hemolytic anemia typically involves a combination of [[physical examination]], medical history, and laboratory tests. These tests may include a [[complete blood count]] (CBC), [[blood smear]], and genetic testing. | Diagnosis of congenital hemolytic anemia typically involves a combination of [[physical examination]], medical history, and laboratory tests. These tests may include a [[complete blood count]] (CBC), [[blood smear]], and genetic testing. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for congenital hemolytic anemia depends on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Treatment options may include [[blood transfusions]], medications to increase red blood cell production or reduce the immune system's attack on red blood cells, and in severe cases, [[surgery]] to remove the spleen. | Treatment for congenital hemolytic anemia depends on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Treatment options may include [[blood transfusions]], medications to increase red blood cell production or reduce the immune system's attack on red blood cells, and in severe cases, [[surgery]] to remove the spleen. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Anemia]] | * [[Anemia]] | ||
* [[Blood Disorders]] | * [[Blood Disorders]] | ||
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* [[Thalassemia]] | * [[Thalassemia]] | ||
* [[Hereditary Spherocytosis]] | * [[Hereditary Spherocytosis]] | ||
[[Category:Blood Disorders]] | [[Category:Blood Disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Genetic Disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic Disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Congenital Disorders]] | [[Category:Congenital Disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | |||
Latest revision as of 23:17, 3 April 2025
| Congenital hemolytic anemia | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Hereditary hemolytic anemia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fatigue, pallor, jaundice, splenomegaly |
| Complications | Gallstones, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure |
| Onset | Birth or early childhood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic disorder |
| Risks | Family history |
| Diagnosis | Blood test, genetic testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Acquired hemolytic anemia, thalassemia, sickle cell disease |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Folic acid supplementation, blood transfusion, splenectomy |
| Medication | Folic acid, iron chelation therapy |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Varies by specific condition |
| Deaths | N/A |
Congenital Hemolytic Anemia is a group of blood disorders that occur due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the body's immune system. These disorders are present from birth and can lead to a variety of health problems, including jaundice, anemia, and an enlarged spleen.
Causes[edit]
Congenital hemolytic anemia is caused by genetic mutations that affect the production or function of red blood cells. These mutations can be inherited from one or both parents. Some of the most common types of congenital hemolytic anemia include sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and hereditary spherocytosis.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of congenital hemolytic anemia can vary widely, depending on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Common symptoms include fatigue, pale skin, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), and an enlarged spleen.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of congenital hemolytic anemia typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. These tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), blood smear, and genetic testing.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for congenital hemolytic anemia depends on the specific type of disorder and its severity. Treatment options may include blood transfusions, medications to increase red blood cell production or reduce the immune system's attack on red blood cells, and in severe cases, surgery to remove the spleen.
