Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor

Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VIPR) is a type of G protein-coupled receptor that binds vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). There are two known types of VIP receptors, VIPR1 and VIPR2, which are encoded by separate genes and have different tissue distribution.

Function

VIPR1 and VIPR2 are members of the secretin receptor family. They are activated by the neuroendocrine peptide VIP and the related peptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). Activation of VIPR leads to increased adenylate cyclase activity and elevated levels of intracellular cyclic AMP.

Clinical significance

VIP receptors have been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. They play a role in the regulation of circadian rhythm, immune response, and vasodilation. Abnormal VIPR function has been associated with diseases such as schizophrenia, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Research

Research into VIPR function and its potential as a therapeutic target is ongoing. VIP and PACAP analogs have been developed for potential use in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In addition, VIPR antagonists are being investigated for their potential use in the treatment of certain types of cancer.

See also

• Vasoactive intestinal peptide
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Secretin receptor family
• Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide

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