Kidney cancer: Difference between revisions

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= Kidney Cancer =
{{Infobox medical condition
| name = Kidney Cancer
| image =  
| caption =
| field = Oncology
| symptoms = Blood in urine, back pain, weight loss
| complications = Metastasis
| onset =
| duration =
| types = Renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma
| causes = Genetic mutations, smoking, obesity
| risks = Family history, hypertension
| diagnosis = Imaging, biopsy
| treatment = Surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy
| prognosis = Variable
| frequency =
}}


'''Kidney cancer''' refers to several types of malignancies that can affect the kidneys, the two bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine just below the rib cage. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering the blood, removing waste through urine, and managing fluid and electrolyte balance. Cancer that forms in the tissues of the kidneys can interfere with these functions and, if not treated promptly, may spread to other parts of the body.
'''Kidney cancer''' is a type of [[cancer]] that starts in the [[kidney]]s. The most common type of kidney cancer in adults is [[renal cell carcinoma]]. Other less common types include [[transitional cell carcinoma]] and [[Wilms' tumor]], which is more common in children.


<youtube>
== Signs and Symptoms ==
title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
The signs and symptoms of kidney cancer may include:
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/jSUCIQJN3jk
* [[Hematuria]] (blood in the urine)
&rel=1
* Persistent [[back pain]]
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/jSUCIQJN3jk
* Unexplained [[weight loss]]
&rel=1
* [[Fatigue]]
wrap = yes
* [[Fever]]
width=750
height=600
</youtube>


== Types of Kidney Cancer ==
== Causes ==
* '''Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)''': The most common type of kidney cancer in adults, originating in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule, a part of the very small tubes in the kidney that filter the blood and remove waste products.
The exact cause of kidney cancer is not known, but several risk factors have been identified. These include:
* '''Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC)''': Also known as urothelial carcinoma, this type forms in the renal pelvis, the part of the kidney where urine collects before moving to the bladder.
* [[Smoking]]
* '''Wilms Tumor''': A rare kidney cancer that primarily affects children under the age of 5. It is also known as nephroblastoma.
* [[Obesity]]
 
* [[Hypertension]] (high blood pressure)
[[File:Kidney Cancer.png|thumb|500px|Illustrative diagram showing different types of kidney cancer.]]
 
== Risk Factors ==
Several factors can increase the risk of developing kidney cancer, including:
* Smoking
* Obesity
* High blood pressure
* Family history of kidney cancer
* Family history of kidney cancer
* Certain genetic conditions, such as von Hippel-Lindau disease
* Certain genetic conditions, such as [[von Hippel-Lindau disease]]
* Long-term dialysis treatment
 
== Symptoms ==
Kidney cancer may not cause any symptoms in its early stages. As the cancer progresses, symptoms may include:
* Blood in the urine (hematuria)
* Persistent back pain just below the ribs
* Unexplained weight loss
* Fatigue
* Fever


== Diagnosis ==
== Diagnosis ==
Diagnosis of kidney cancer typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests (such as CT scans, MRI, or ultrasounds), and biopsy procedures to confirm the presence of cancerous cells and determine the type and stage of the cancer.
Diagnosis of kidney cancer typically involves:
* [[Imaging]] tests such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]]
* [[Biopsy]] to confirm the presence of cancer cells


== Treatment Options ==
== Treatment ==
Treatment for kidney cancer depends on the type, stage, and overall health of the patient, and may include:
Treatment options for kidney cancer depend on the stage and type of cancer and may include:
* Surgery to remove part or all of the affected kidney
* [[Surgery]] to remove the tumor or the entire kidney (nephrectomy)
* Targeted therapy that focuses on specific abnormalities in cancer cells
* [[Targeted therapy]]
* Immunotherapy to help the immune system fight the cancer
* [[Immunotherapy]]
* Radiation therapy, although less commonly used for kidney cancer
* [[Radiation therapy]]
* Clinical trials exploring new treatment options


== Prognosis and Outcomes ==
== Prognosis ==
The outlook for kidney cancer patients varies depending on the cancer's stage and type, as well as the treatment's effectiveness. Early detection and treatment significantly improve the chances of a favorable outcome.
The prognosis for kidney cancer varies depending on the stage at diagnosis and the overall health of the patient. Early detection and treatment improve the chances of a favorable outcome.


== Prevention ==
== Prevention ==
While there is no guaranteed way to prevent kidney cancer, reducing risk factors such as smoking cessation, maintaining a healthy weight, and controlling high blood pressure may lower the risk.
While there is no sure way to prevent kidney cancer, reducing risk factors such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and controlling blood pressure may help lower the risk.


== External Links ==
== See Also ==
* [https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney National Cancer Institute - Kidney Cancer]
* [[Renal cell carcinoma]]
* [https://www.kidneycancer.org/ Kidney Cancer Association]
* [[Transitional cell carcinoma]]
* [[Wilms' tumor]]


== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
{{Reflist}}
* ''Kidney Cancer: Principles and Practice'' by Peter Mulders
 
* ''Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Management'' edited by Robert A. Figlin
== External Links ==
* [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/kidney-cancer.html American Cancer Society: Kidney Cancer]
* [https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney National Cancer Institute: Kidney Cancer]


[[Category:Cancer]]
[[Category:Kidney cancer]]
[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
{{stub}}
[[Category:Urology]]
<gallery>
File:Clear cell renal cell carcinoma high mag cropped.jpg|Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
File:Papillary transitional cell carcinoma, renal pelvis, urinary obstruction,.jpg|Papillary transitional cell carcinoma
File:Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, eosinophilic variant - high mag.jpg|Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
File:Papillary renal cell carcinoma very high mag.jpg|Papillary renal cell carcinoma
File:Diagram showing stage 1 kidney cancer CRUK 192.svg|Stage 1 kidney cancer
File:Diagram showing stage 2 kidney cancer CRUK 209.svg|Stage 2 kidney cancer
File:Diagram showing stage 3 kidney cancer CRUK 222.svg|Stage 3 kidney cancer
File:Diagram showing stage 4 kidney cancer CRUK 231.svg|Stage 4 kidney cancer
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 00:56, 20 February 2025

Kidney Cancer
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Blood in urine, back pain, weight loss
Complications Metastasis
Onset
Duration
Types Renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma
Causes Genetic mutations, smoking, obesity
Risks Family history, hypertension
Diagnosis Imaging, biopsy
Differential diagnosis N/A
Prevention N/A
Treatment Surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy
Medication N/A
Prognosis Variable
Frequency
Deaths N/A


Kidney cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the kidneys. The most common type of kidney cancer in adults is renal cell carcinoma. Other less common types include transitional cell carcinoma and Wilms' tumor, which is more common in children.

Signs and Symptoms[edit]

The signs and symptoms of kidney cancer may include:

Causes[edit]

The exact cause of kidney cancer is not known, but several risk factors have been identified. These include:

Diagnosis[edit]

Diagnosis of kidney cancer typically involves:

Treatment[edit]

Treatment options for kidney cancer depend on the stage and type of cancer and may include:

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis for kidney cancer varies depending on the stage at diagnosis and the overall health of the patient. Early detection and treatment improve the chances of a favorable outcome.

Prevention[edit]

While there is no sure way to prevent kidney cancer, reducing risk factors such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and controlling blood pressure may help lower the risk.

See Also[edit]

References[edit]

<references group="" responsive="1"></references>


External Links[edit]

  • Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
    Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
  • Papillary transitional cell carcinoma
    Papillary transitional cell carcinoma
  • Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
    Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
  • Papillary renal cell carcinoma
    Papillary renal cell carcinoma
  • Stage 1 kidney cancer
    Stage 1 kidney cancer
  • Stage 2 kidney cancer
    Stage 2 kidney cancer
  • Stage 3 kidney cancer
    Stage 3 kidney cancer
  • Stage 4 kidney cancer
    Stage 4 kidney cancer
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