V3 loop
V3 Loop
The V3 loop (pronounced "vee-three loop") is a crucial component of the HIV virus, specifically within the gp120 protein. It plays a significant role in the virus's ability to bind to and infect host cells.
Pronunciation
- V3 Loop: /viː θriː luːp/
Etymology
The term "V3 loop" is derived from its position as the third variable region in the gp120 protein of the HIV virus. The "loop" refers to the structure of this region, which forms a loop-like shape.
Function
The V3 loop is responsible for the initial interaction between the HIV virus and the host cell. It binds to the CCR5 or CXCR4 co-receptor on the surface of the host cell, allowing the virus to enter and infect the cell.
Related Terms
- HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the virus that causes AIDS.
- gp120: A glycoprotein that is part of the envelope of the HIV virus.
- CCR5: A protein on the surface of white blood cells that is involved in the immune system as it functions as a receptor for chemokines.
- CXCR4: A specific protein and G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the CXCR4 gene.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on V3 loop
- Wikipedia's article - V3 loop
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