Unicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular (/juːnɪˈsɛljʊlər/; from Latin uni, "one" + cellula, "small room") refers to an organism that is made up of a single cell, as opposed to a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells.
Etymology
The term "unicellular" is derived from the Latin words uni meaning "one" and cellula meaning "small room". It was first used in the mid-19th century to describe organisms that are composed of a single cell.
Characteristics
Unicellular organisms are capable of independent life and reproduction. They can perform all necessary metabolic functions within one cell, including digestion, respiration, and reproduction. Examples of unicellular organisms include bacteria, protozoa, and certain algae and fungi.
Comparison with Multicellular Organisms
Unlike multicellular organisms, unicellular organisms do not have specialized cells for different functions. Each unicellular organism is capable of performing all life processes within its single cell. However, some unicellular organisms can form colonies or aggregates, which can exhibit some level of specialization.
Related Terms
- Cell: The basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.
- Multicellular: An organism that consists of more than one cell, in contrast to a unicellular organism.
- Colony: In biology, a colony refers to several individual organisms of the same species living closely together, usually for mutual benefit.
- Organism: Any individual living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Unicellular
- Wikipedia's article - Unicellular
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