Radiation colitis

Radiation colitis is a medical condition that affects the large intestine or colon. It is a complication that arises from radiation therapy, a common treatment for cancer.

Pronunciation

Radiation colitis is pronounced as ray-dee-ay-shun koh-lie-tis.

Etymology

The term "Radiation colitis" is derived from two words: "Radiation", which refers to the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves, and "colitis", which is derived from the Greek words "colon" meaning large intestine, and "-itis" meaning inflammation.

Definition

Radiation colitis is an inflammation and damage to the large intestine caused by exposure to ionizing radiation, usually as a side effect of radiation therapy for malignancies in the pelvic area such as prostate cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, and rectal cancer.

Symptoms

The symptoms of radiation colitis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and weight loss. In severe cases, it can lead to intestinal obstruction, fistula formation, and perforation of the colon.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of radiation colitis is typically made based on the patient's medical history, particularly a history of radiation therapy, and the presence of symptoms. Additional tests such as a colonoscopy or biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for radiation colitis is primarily focused on managing symptoms and may include dietary changes, medications to control diarrhea and inflammation, and in severe cases, surgery.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Radiation colitis
Wikipedia's article - Radiation colitis

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