Platelet-activating factor
Platelet-activating factor
Platelet-activating factor (PAF), pronounced as /ˈplæt.lɪt ˌæk.tɪˌveɪ.tɪŋ ˈfæk.tər/, is a potent lipid mediator involved in many physiological and pathological processes.
Etymology
The term "Platelet-activating factor" is derived from its function. It was named for its ability to induce platelet aggregation and degranulation, which are key steps in the process of blood clotting.
Function
PAF plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as inflammation, allergy, shock, and thrombosis. It is produced by various cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells. PAF acts by binding to its specific G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the PAF receptor, which is widely expressed in various tissues and cell types.
Related Terms
- Lipid: A group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
- Inflammation: A complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
- Allergy: A hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system.
- Shock (circulatory): A life-threatening medical condition of low blood perfusion to tissues resulting in cellular injury and inadequate tissue function.
- Thrombosis: The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
- G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR): A large protein family of receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate internal signal transduction pathways.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Platelet-activating factor
- Wikipedia's article - Platelet-activating factor
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