Parakeratosis
Parakeratosis
Parakeratosis (pronunciation: /ˌpærəˌkɛrəˈtoʊsɪs/) is a condition of the skin characterized by the persistence of keratinocytes in the stratum corneum layer of the epidermis that still contain nuclei. This is an abnormality as in normal skin, the keratinocytes in this layer are usually anuclear (without nuclei).
Etymology
The term "parakeratosis" is derived from the Greek words "para" meaning beside or abnormal, "kera" meaning horn, and "osis" indicating a condition or state. Thus, it refers to an abnormal state of keratinization where the cells retain their nuclei.
Types of Parakeratosis
There are several types of parakeratosis, including:
- Psoriasis: This is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes rapid skin cell turnover, leading to the formation of scales and red patches that are often itchy and painful.
- Actinic keratosis: This is a rough, scaly patch on the skin that develops from years of exposure to the sun. It's most commonly found on the face, lips, ears, back of the hands, forearms, scalp or neck.
- Seborrheic dermatitis: This is a common skin condition that mainly affects the scalp, causing scaly patches, red skin and stubborn dandruff.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of parakeratosis is typically made through a skin biopsy, where a small sample of the affected skin is removed and examined under a microscope. The presence of nuclei in the stratum corneum is a key indicator of this condition.
Treatment
Treatment for parakeratosis depends on the underlying cause. For instance, psoriasis may be treated with topical corticosteroids, light therapy, or systemic medications. Actinic keratosis may be treated with cryotherapy, topical medications, or photodynamic therapy.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Parakeratosis
- Wikipedia's article - Parakeratosis
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