Outcrossing
Outcrossing
Outcrossing (pronunciation: /ˈaʊtˌkrɒsɪŋ/), also known as outbreeding or crossbreeding, is a term used in genetics to describe the process of mating between unrelated or distantly related individuals of the same species.
Etymology
The term "outcrossing" is derived from the English words "out" and "cross", which together imply the idea of crossing over or going beyond the usual boundaries. It was first used in the context of plant and animal breeding in the late 19th century.
Definition
Outcrossing is a form of sexual reproduction that involves the combination of genetic material from two parents that are not closely related. This is in contrast to inbreeding, where individuals mate with close relatives. The main advantage of outcrossing is that it increases genetic diversity, which can lead to increased survival and adaptability of offspring.
Related Terms
- Inbreeding: The process of mating between closely related individuals, which can lead to decreased genetic diversity and increased risk of genetic disorders.
- Crossbreeding: A form of outcrossing that involves mating between individuals of different breeds or varieties.
- Genetic diversity: The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, which can be increased through outcrossing.
- Sexual reproduction: The process by which offspring are produced through the combination of genetic material from two parents.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Outcrossing
- Wikipedia's article - Outcrossing
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