Outbreeding
Outbreeding (pronunciation: /ˈaʊtˌbriːdɪŋ/), also known as Outcrossing or Crossbreeding, is a term used in Genetics and Biology to describe the process of mating between individuals that are not closely related. This is in contrast to Inbreeding, which involves mating between closely related individuals.
Etymology
The term "Outbreeding" is derived from the English words "out" and "breeding". The prefix "out-" is used to denote a process that is external or beyond the usual limits, while "breeding" refers to the process of reproduction. Thus, "Outbreeding" refers to a form of reproduction that goes beyond the usual limits of close genetic relationships.
Overview
Outbreeding is a common practice in Animal husbandry and Plant breeding, where it is used to increase genetic diversity and reduce the risk of Inbreeding depression. This is achieved by mating individuals from different populations or breeds, which results in offspring with a mix of traits from both parents. This can lead to Hybrid vigor, where the offspring exhibit greater fitness traits such as size, growth rate, fertility, and yield of offspring than the parents.
Related Terms
- Inbreeding: The process of mating between closely related individuals.
- Hybrid vigor: The improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring.
- Inbreeding depression: Reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding.
- Animal husbandry: The management and care of farm animals by humans.
- Plant breeding: The science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Outbreeding
- Wikipedia's article - Outbreeding
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